Hemotoxic and wound healing potential of coelomic fluid of sea-star Astropecten indicus

Abstract

Background: The coelomic fluid of echinoderms bathes all the internal organs and is a natural reservoir of various bio-active compounds. However, coelomic fluid from Indian sea-star Astropecten indicus is not well characterized for its biochemical and pharmacological profiles. Sea-star (or starfish) Astropecten indicus was collected from the coast of Goa, India during low tides. Sea-star coelomic fluid (SCF) extracted from the sea-stars was concentrated, filtered, and assayed for various hemotoxic activities such as fibrinogenolysis, fibrinolysis, hemolysis, and effects on platelet aggregation. Results: Studies on effects of SCF on A-549 human lung cancer cell line showed its non-cytotoxic and wound healing abilities in vitro. SCF was found to possess fibrinogen and fibrin digesting ability at a dose of 4 μg/ml within 30 min of incubation with the substrate. Additionally, SCF could hemolyze goat RBC by 50% and human RBC by only 5%. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that SCF contains various proteins and peptides. Two protein components of SCF yielded strong fibrinolytic, fibrinogenolytic, caseinolytic, and gelatinase activities as revealed by zymography. SCF enhanced the aggregation of ADP and collagen-activated platelets in a dose-dependent manner and had a specific proteolytic activity of 2.5 μg/ml in 30 min at 37°C as assayed using azocasein as substrate. Conclusion: This study focuses on the anticoagulant, pro-platelet aggregation and cell proliferative potential of SCF in vitro and is the first report on hemotoxic and wound healing potential of coelomic fluid of Astropecten indicus.

AiP1, a protein from the coelomic fluid of sea star Astropecten indicus promotes wound healing and fibrinogenolysis in vitro

“…In this study, we explored the potential of AiP1, the first protein purified from Astropecten indicus for its thrombolytic and wound healing potential. The fibrinogenolytic and wound healing potential of SCF from Astropecten indicus was previously reported in 2018 by the same authors (Baveja et al, 2018). SCF comprised of various proteins and polypeptides responsible for its bioactivities.…”

“…The detailed procedure about preparation of Sea star coelomic fluid (SCF) was described by the same authors previously (Baveja, Sarkar, & Chakrabarty, 2018). Briefly, sea stars Astropecten indicus were collected from the coast of Goa, India, and 100 μl or less coelomic fluid was extracted from the sea stars by syringe aspiration.…”

“…Images were taken for each well at time intervals of 24 h to observe effect of SCF on the wounds. Area of the wound was calculated using ImageJ software, and wound healing activity of AiP1 was expressed as the % wound healed at the given time period using initial wound area (0th hour) as reference (Liang et al, 2007;Baveja et al, 2018).…”

Seven-Arms Starfish “Luidia maculata” Characteristics of Coelomocytes and Promising GSK3-β Protein for Wound Healing: Cellular and Chemical Analyses

“…The preparation of the starfish coelomic fluid (CF) was performed by applying the same procedure described in the study of Baveja et al (2018Baveja et al ( , 2019; additional lengthy details were published by Abdel-Ghaffar and Youssef (2022). After centrifugation of the coelomic fluid, a pellet of cells was formed and prepared for microscopical examination.…”

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“…Starfish contains a number of biologically active compounds and molecule having pharmacological properties including anticoagulant, antifouling, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, cytotoxic, feeding deterrent, haemolytic, hemotoxic and wound healing activities [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”