Hennig’s orphans revisited: Testing morphological hypotheses in the “Opomyzoidea” (Diptera: Schizophora)

Winkler, Isaac S.; Rung, Alessandra; Scheffer, Sonja J.

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.12.016

Cited by 19 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…More than 20 schizophoran families have their earliest fossil records from middle Eocene Baltic amber (Hennig, 1965;Evenhuis, 1994;von Tschirnhaus and Hoffeins, 2009). The phylogenetic position of Agromyzidae within Schizophora is not well understood (Winkler et al, 2010), and it is possible that this clade, based on phylogenetic position, represents an early-branching lineage from the Late or latest Cretaceous.…”

Section: Evolutionary Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing Agromyzidae (Diptera) Leaf Mines in the Fossil Record: New Taxa from the Paleogene of North America and Germany and Their Evolutionary Implications

et al. 2010

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Fossilized leaf mines and other traces of phytophagous insects provide a unique window into ecological and evolutionary associations of the past. Leaf-mining flies (Diptera: Agromyzidae) are an important component of the recent leaf-mining fauna, but their fossil record is sparse compared to other mining insect lineages; many putative agromyzid body fossils and traces are dubiously assigned. Agromyzid leaf mines often can be distinguished from those of other insects by the presence of an intermittent, fluidized frass trail that may alternate between the sides of the mine. Here, we describe two new Paleogene leaf mine fossils, Phytomyzites biliapchaensis Winkler, Labandeira and Wilf n. sp. from the early Paleocene of southeastern Montana, USA, occurring in leaves of Platanus raynoldsii (Platanaceae); and Phytomyzites schaarschmidti Wappler n. sp., from the middle Eocene of Messel, Germany, occurring in leaves of Toddalia ovata (Rutaceae). These fossils both exhibit frass trails indicative of an agromyzid origin, and P. biliapchaensis also exhibits associated stereotypical marks identical to damage caused by feeding punctures of extant adult female Agromyzidae prior to oviposition. Phytomyzites biliapchaensis represents the earliest confirmed record of Agromyzidae, and one of the earliest records for the large dipteran clade Schizophora. Plant hosts of both species belong to genera that are no longer hosts of leaf-mining Agromyzidae, suggesting a complex and dynamic history of early host-plant associations and, for the early Paleocene example, an evolutionary, possibly opportunistic colonization in the midst of the ecological chaos following the end-Cretaceous event in North America.

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Section: Evolutionary Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing Agromyzidae (Diptera) Leaf Mines in the Fossil Record: New Taxa from the Paleogene of North America and Germany and Their Evolutionary Implications

et al. 2010

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“…The phylogenetic position of Planinasus relative to other Diptera has been confused, and while these relationships are somewhat clearer now (Winkler et al 2010, Mathis and Rung 2011), definitive resolution continues to elude us. Cresson (1914) described Planinasus in the family Ephydridae, although he later suggested (1918) that the genus was probably not an ephydrid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grimaldi and Mathis (1993) described the fourth species, Planinasus electrus , which is a fossil preserved in Dominican Amber. Except for McAlpine’s (1978, 1983), Winkler et al (2010) and Mathis and Rung’s (2011) discussion of placement of Planinasus in the family Periscelididae and phylogenetic relationships, the genus has not been treated substantively by others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A revision of the genus Planinasus Cresson (Diptera, Periscelididae)

Mathis¹,

Rung²,

Kotrba³

2012

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The genus Planinasus Cresson is revised and includes 18 extant and one fossil species. We clarify the status of the three previously described species and describe 15 new species as follows (type locality in parenthesis): Planinasus aenigmaticus (Colombia. Bogota: Bogota (04°35.8'N, 74°08.8'W)), Planinasus neotropicus (Panama. Canal Zone: Barro Colorado Island (09°09.1'N, 79°50.8'W)), Planinasus kotrbae (Ecuador. Orellana: Rio Tiputini Biodiversity Station (0°38.2'S, 76°08.9'W)), Planinasus miradorus (Brazil. Maranhão: Parque Estadual Mirador, Base da Geraldina (06°22.2'S, 44°21.8'W)), Planinasus tobagoensis (Trinidad and Tobago. Tobago. St. John: Parlatuvier (11°17.9'N, 60°39'W)), Planinasus xanthops (Ecuador. Orellana: Rio Tiputini Biodiversity Station (0°38.2'S, 76°8.9'W)), Planinasus argentifacies (Peru. Madre de Dios: Río Manu, Pakitza (11°56.6'S, 71°16.9'W; 250 m)), Planinasus insulanus (Dominican Republic. La Vega: near Jarabacoa, Salto Guasara (19°04.4'N, 70°42.1'W, 680 m)), Planinasus nigritarsus (Guyana. Conservation of Ecological Interactions and Biotic Associations (CEIBA; ca. 40 km S Georgetown; 06°29.9'N, 58°13.1'W)), Planinasus atriclypeus (Brazil. Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro, Floresta da Tijuca (22°57.6'S, 43°16.4'W)), Planinasus atrifrons (Bolivia. Santa Cruz: Ichilo, Buena Vista (4-6 km SSE; Hotel Flora y Fauna; 17°29.95'S, 63°33.15'W; 4-500 m)), P. flavicoxalis (West Indies. Dominica. St. David: 1.6 km N of junction of roads to Rosalie and Castle Bruce (15°23.8'N, 61°18.6'W)), Planinasus mcalpineorum (Mexico. Chiapas: Cacahoatan (7 km N; 15°04.1'N, 92°07.4'W)), Planinasus nigrifacies (Brazil. São Paulo: Mogi das Cruzes, Serra do Itapeti (23°31.5'S, 46°11.2'W)), Planinasus obscuripennis (Peru. Madre de Dios: Río Manu, Erika (near Salvación; 12°50.7'S, 71°23.3'W; 550 m)). In addition to external characters, we also describe and illustrate structures of the male terminalia and for Planinasus kotrbae sp. n., the internal female reproductive organs. Detailed locality data and distribution maps for all species are provided. For perspective and to facilitate genus-group and species-group recognition, the family Periscelididae and subfamily Stenomicrinae are diagnosed and for the latter, a key to included genera is provided.

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“…The monophyly of Aulacigaster + Curiosimusca is supported by seven putative synapomorphies (Rung et al, 2005). Hennig's original concept of Aulacigastridae (see above) has been recently resurrected in a molecular phylogeny of the Opomyzoidea, using the 28S ribosomal DNA and CAD (rudimentary) genes (Winkler et al, 2010). In that analysis (which did not include examplars of Curiosimusca), Stenomicra, Cyamops and Planinasus grouped consistently and with moderate support with the genus Aulacigaster.…”

Section: -8 Aulacigaster Bromeliae New Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Revision of the Genus Aulacigaster Macquart (Diptera: Aulacigastridae)

Rung¹,

Mathis²

2011

Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology

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Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press s m i t h s o n i a n c o n t r i b u t i o n s t o z o o l o g y • n u m b e r 6 3 3A Revision of the Genus Aulacigaster Macquart (Diptera: Aulacigastridae) Alessandra Rung and Wayne N. Mathis SerieS PublicationS of the SmithSonian inStitutionEmphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to History and Technology Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Museum Conservation Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to ZoologyIn these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report on the research and collections of its various museums and bureaus. The Smithsonian Contributions Series are distributed via mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world.Manuscripts submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press from authors with direct affiliation with the various Smithsonian museums or bureaus and are subject to peer review and review for compliance with manuscript preparation guidelines. General requirements for manuscript preparation are on the inside back cover of printed volumes. For detailed submissions requirements and to review the "Manuscript Preparation and Style Guide for Authors," visit the Submissions page at www.scholarlypress.si.edu. s m i t h s o n i a n c o n t r i b u t i o n s t o z o o l o g y • n u m b e r 6 3 3A Revision of the Genus Aulacigaster Macquart (Diptera: Aulacigastridae) New species from the Afrotropical (2 species), Neotropical (37 species), and Oriental Regions (2 species) are described, and the genus is divided into seven species groups, of which six are Neotropical. Keys to the species groups and to the known species occurring in the Afrotropical, Nearctic, Neotropical, Palearctic, and Oriental Regions are provided. Diagnoses, detailed distributional data for species of the genus, notes on the biology, and illustrations (photographs and drawings) are included to facilitate species identification. A phylogenetic analysis was performed to test the monophyly of the genus Aulacigaster and to discover relationships between included species, hence indicating the monophyly of the species groups. The ingroup includes a total of 24 exemplar congeners. Out...

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Hennig’s orphans revisited: Testing morphological hypotheses in the “Opomyzoidea” (Diptera: Schizophora)

Cited by 19 publications

References 56 publications

Distinguishing Agromyzidae (Diptera) Leaf Mines in the Fossil Record: New Taxa from the Paleogene of North America and Germany and Their Evolutionary Implications

Distinguishing Agromyzidae (Diptera) Leaf Mines in the Fossil Record: New Taxa from the Paleogene of North America and Germany and Their Evolutionary Implications

A revision of the genus Planinasus Cresson (Diptera, Periscelididae)

A Revision of the Genus Aulacigaster Macquart (Diptera: Aulacigastridae)

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