Hep atop athy and dermatitis in a dog associated with the ingestion of mycotoxins

Abstract

A five‐year‐old German shepherd dog was presented with a severe scrotal dermatitis of four weeks duration which had failed to respond to antibiotic and corticosteroid therapy. Dermato‐histopathology indicated that the lesion was a necrolytic process suggestive of the hepatocuta‐neous syndrome. Clinical biochemistry investigations indicated the presence of acute hepatocellular damage and cholestasis. The animal was fed a biscuit meal which was damp and mouldy. Penicillium vindication was grown from this feedstuff and three mycotoxins, citrinin, ochratoxin A and sterigmatocystin, were found; substances which have been associated with renal and hepatic lesions in dogs and laboratory animals. Symptomatic therapy and nutritional management, led to rapid clinical improvement. Subsequent plasma biochemistry confirmed that hepatic enzyme activities were returning to normal levels.

Determination of moulds and mycotoxins in dry dog and cat food using liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry and fluorescence detection

“…Clinical symptoms of ochratoxicosis are nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, anorexia, vomiting, excessive thirst, fatigue and interference with the immune system (Richard 2007). It was reported that six dogs died in Germany in 1987, one in Scotland in 1991 and three in Korea in 2006 as a result of renal failure after consumption of feed containing OTA (Gareis et al 1987;Little et al 1991;Jeong et al 2006).…”

Manifestations cutanées des maladies internes du chien

“…15 De tels mécanismes ont été démontrés chez le rat. 16 Par ailleurs, chez l'homme, des concentrations élevées de TGF-a ont été retrouvées chez des patients présentant des carcinomes rénaux ; toutefois, il reste à déterminer si des facteurs de croissance tels que le TGF-a et le TGF-b jouent un rôle dans la stimulation du collagène. 17…”

Necrose epidérmica metabólica em cães

“…Em cães, a maioria dos casos relaciona-se à enfermidade hepática (BYRNE, 1999;MILLER et al, 1990;MILLER et al, 1991;SCOTT et al, 2001). A etiologia da hepatopatia na maioria das vezes é desconhecida, podendo estar associada à micotoxicose e a drogas anticonvulsivantes (BYRNE, 1999;LITTLE et al, 1991;OUTERBRIDGE, 2005). A causa específica da degeneração epidérmica pode ocorrer por desequilíbrio nutricional, sendo sugeridos hipoaminoacidemia, deficiência de biotina, ácidos graxos essenciais ou zinco, resultantes de anormalidades metabólicas causadas por hiperglucagonemia e/ou disfunção hepática (SCOTT et al, 2001).…”

“…O prognóstico da doença é desfavorável, a menos que se detecte e remova, quando presente, um tumor pancreático produtor de glucagon ou a causa primária da hepatopatia, assumindo que o dano morfofuncional seja reversível. A maioria dos cães morre ou é eutanasiada dentro de cinco meses após o desenvolvimento das lesões cutâneas (BYRNE, 1999;LITTLE et al, 1991;OUTERBRIDGE, 2005;SCOTT et al, 2001). Entretanto, há relatos de animais mantidos por um ano ou mais com a superalimentação oral e infusões periódicas de aminoácidos via parenteral (OUTERBRIDGE, 2005;OUTERBRIDGE et al, 2002).…”