Heparin as a biomimetic template on nanoapatite rods with tunable aspect ratio: synthesis and biocompatibility

Chen, Wen‐Cheng; Cheng, I. S.; Chang, Kai‐Chi; Haung, Ssu-Meng; Chen, Jian-Chih; Shih, Chi‐Jen

doi:10.1007/s41779-021-00590-5

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…After 7 days of culture, apart from the unmodified P group, the production of ALP in other modified groups had increased significantly [ 45 , 46 ]. The surface modification with grafting of active biomolecules remarkably promoted ALP secretion by D1 cells [ 47 , 48 , 49 ]. The amount of ALP produced after 10 days of cell culture reached a peak, indicating that the cells of all groups were undergoing early differentiation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Grafting Efficacy of Active Biomolecules of Phosphatidylcholine and Type I Collagen on Polyether Ether Ketone: In Vitro and In Vivo

Chen

Chang

et al. 2021

Polymers

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Biomolecule grafting on polyether ether ketone (PEEK) was used to improve cell affinity caused by surface inertness. This study demonstrated the sequence-polished (P) and sulfonated (SA) PEEK modification to make a 3D structure, active biomolecule graftings through PEEK silylation (SA/SI) and then processed with phosphatidylcholine (with silylation of SA/SI/PC; without SA/PC) and type I collagen (COL I, with silylation of SA/SI/C; without SA/C). Different modified PEEKs were implanted for 4, 8, and 12 weeks for histology. Sulfonated PEEK of SA showed the surface roughness was significantly increased; after the silylation of SA/SI, the hydrophilic nature was remarkably improved. The biomolecules were effectively grafted through silylation, and the cells showed improved attachment after 1 h. Furthermore, the SA/SI/PC group showed good in vitro mineralization. The new bone tissues were integrated into the 3D porous structures of SA/SI/PC and SA/SI/C in vivo making PEEK a potential alternative to metals in orthopedic implants.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Grafting Efficacy of Active Biomolecules of Phosphatidylcholine and Type I Collagen on Polyether Ether Ketone: In Vitro and In Vivo

Chen

Chang

et al. 2021

Polymers

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“…The bands at 602 and 562 cm −1 represent the bending mode of PO 4 3− . These two functional groups are derived from the CHA phase [ 17 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. The literature indicates that the absorption bands at 1416 and 1455 cm −1 belong to the ν 3 non-symmetrical stretching mode of CO 3 2− , as well as ν 2 vibrations at 868 cm −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of these analyses demonstrate that the product of this experiment is type B CHA. In the IR spectrum of the heparin-grafted group, the peak at 1380 cm −1 reflects the asymmetric and symmetric O=S=O stretching vibrations of ester sulfate groups or the deformation vibrations of the C–H bond [ 17 , 22 ]. This finding confirms that heparin, a natural intermediate bridging agent, was indeed grafted on CHA and is involved in the regulation of CHA growth.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CHA nanorods were prepared according to our previously published paper [ 17 ]. Briefly, Ca(NO 3 ) 2 was mixed with 5, 10, or 20 g of heparin in 100 mL of aqueous solution and titrated with a solution containing (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, biomimetically synthesized heparin, an organic template that could regulate the growth of apatite nanorods, was used to react Ca 2+ and PO 4 3− ions with atmospheric CO 2 [3,17]. Uniform nanorods of CHA with heparin were then used as a mediator to graft ferulic acid to form a ferulic acid-based drug template carrier (F-CHA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strength and Biocompatibility of Heparin-Based Calcium Phosphate Cement Grafted with Ferulic Acid

et al. 2021

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The biomimetic synthesis of carbonated apatites by biomolecule-based templates is a promising way for broadening apatite applications in bone tissue regeneration. In this work, heparin was used as an organic template to prepare uniform carbonate-based apatite nanorods (CHA) and graft ferulic acid (F-CHA) for enhanced bone mineralization. Next, by combining calcium phosphate cement (CPC) with different F-CHA/CPC ratios, a new type of injectable bone cement combined with F-CHA bioactive apatite was developed (CPC + F-CHA). The physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and mineralization potential of the CPC + F-CHA composites were determined in vitro. The experimental results confirmed the preparation of highly biocompatible CHA and the compatibility of F-CHA with CPC. Although CPC + F-CHA composites with F-CHA (2.5 wt%, 5 wt%, and 10 wt%) showed a significant reduction in compressive strength (CS), compositing CPC with 10 wt% F-CHA yielded a CS suitable for orthopedic repair (CS still larger than 30 MPa). Spectroscopic and phase analyses revealed that the phase of the hydrothermally synthesized CHA product was not modified by the heparin template. Injection and disintegration tests indicated that the CPC + F-CHA composites have good biocompatibility even at 10 wt% F-CHA. D1 osteoprogenitor cells were cultured with the composites for 7 days in vitro, and the CPC + 10%F-CHA group demonstrated significantly promoted cell mineralization compared with other groups. Given these results, the use of over 10% F-CHA in CPC composites should be avoided if the latter is to be applied to load-bearing areas. A stress-shielding device may also be recommended to stabilize these areas. These newly developed biocompatible CPC + F-CHA have great potential as osteoconductive bone fillers for bone tissue engineering.

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Morphological Changes, Antibacterial Activity, and Cytotoxicity Characterization of Hydrothermally Synthesized Metal Ions-Incorporated Nanoapatites for Biomedical Application

et al. 2022

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The objective of this study was to prepare hydroxyapatite (HA) with potential antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria by incorporating different atomic ratios of Cu2+ (0.1–1.0%), Mg2+ (1.0–7.0%), and Zn2+ (1.0–7.0%) to theoretically replace Ca2+ ions during the hydrothermal synthesis of grown precipitated HA nanorods. This study highlights the role of comparing different metal ions on synthetic nanoapatite in regulating the antibacterial properties and toxicity. The comparisons between infrared spectra and between diffractograms have confirmed that metal ions do not affect the formation of HA phases. The results show that after doped Cu2+, Mg2+, and Zn2+ ions replace Ca2+, the ionic radius is almost the same, but significantly smaller than that of the original Ca2+ ions, and the substitution effect causes the lattice distance to change, resulting in crystal structure distortion and reducing crystallinity. The reduction in the length of the nanopatites after the incorporation of Cu2+, Mg2+, and Zn2+ ions confirmed that the metal ions were mainly substituted during the growth of the rod-shape nanoapatite Ca2+ distributed along the longitudinal site. The antibacterial results show that nanoapatite containing Cu2+ (0.1%), Mg2+ (3%), and Zn2+ (5–7%) has obvious and higher antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus within 2 days. The antibacterial effect against the gram-negative bacillus Escherichia coli is not as pronounced as against Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial effect of Cu2+ substituted Ca2+ with an atomic ratio of 0.1~1.0% is even better than that of Mg2+- and Zn2+- doped with 1~7% groups. In terms of cytotoxicity, nanoapatites with Cu2+ (~0.2%) exhibit cytotoxicity, whereas Mg2+- (1–5%) and Zn2+- (~1%) doped nanoapatites are biocompatible at low concentrations but become cytotoxic as ionic concentration increases. The results show that the hydrothermally synthesized nanoapatite combined with Cu2+ (0.2%), Mg2+ (3%), and Zn2+ (3%) exhibits low toxicity and high antibacterial activity, which provides a good prospect for bypassing antibiotics for future biomedical applications.

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Heparin as a biomimetic template on nanoapatite rods with tunable aspect ratio: synthesis and biocompatibility

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Evaluation of the Grafting Efficacy of Active Biomolecules of Phosphatidylcholine and Type I Collagen on Polyether Ether Ketone: In Vitro and In Vivo

Evaluation of the Grafting Efficacy of Active Biomolecules of Phosphatidylcholine and Type I Collagen on Polyether Ether Ketone: In Vitro and In Vivo

Strength and Biocompatibility of Heparin-Based Calcium Phosphate Cement Grafted with Ferulic Acid

Morphological Changes, Antibacterial Activity, and Cytotoxicity Characterization of Hydrothermally Synthesized Metal Ions-Incorporated Nanoapatites for Biomedical Application

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