Hepatic artery embolotherapy of hepatic metastases from carcinoid tumors: value of using a mixture of cyanoacrylate and ethiodized oil.

Guidelines for the use of NBCA in vascular embolization devised by the Committee of Practice Guidelines of the Japanese Society of Interventional Radiology (CGJSIR), 2012 edition

“…In cancer patients, NBCA is indicated for tumor bleeding [72] and can also be used to achieve a palliative therapeutic effect by improving the tumor response [32,41,142,145,176]. In addition, NBCA has been indicated for arterial redistribution and hepatic arterial catheter fixation during hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy [68,159,180,181].…”

“…NBCA is radiolucent, and therefore, is usually mixed with radiopaque materials such as Lipiodol [66,91]. (2) Immediately before the injection of NBCA, the microcatheter should be thoroughly flushed with 5 % nonionic dextrose solution to completely remove any ionic solutions from its lumen [64,75,121,130,140,176]. The simultaneous perfusion of 5 % dextrose through the guiding catheter during the injection of NBCA delays contact with ionic substances and prolongs the polymerization period of NBCA [123,141].…”

“…When solid organs, such as the liver or kidneys are embolized, pain management might be necessary because it can result in acute pain. Previous reports have described the intravenous administration of pethidine and fentanyl after vascular embolization [77,145,176,177,188], and non-pyrazolone analgesics (paracetamol etc.) or NSAID have been administered for pain management during the postoperative period [16,188].…”

Fístulas arteriovenosas intra-hepáticas transtumorais (diagnóstico, importância e propostas de tratamento)

“…3c). Widman (22) e vários graus de embolia que, em condições extremas, pode concorrer para o óbito do paciente (7,25) . A parte líquida da mistura que passou pela comunicação, se distribuirá para todo o organismo, sem agir com eficiência no tumor hepático.…”

Chemo‐embolization of hepatic tumours

“…It has been reported that the response rates and survival may be similar for small particle embolization as for chemo-embolization. 29,30,65,66 MELANOMA Metastatic melanoma to the liver usually has a rapidly progressive and fatal course. Median survival is 2-6 months.…”