Hepatic calcifications in fetal population studied by autopsies in Bogota, Colombia

Abstract

Fetal hepatic calcifications can be caused by infections, chromosomal disorders, thrombotic events, ischemic hepatic necrosis and subcapsular hematomas among others events. Its features and clinical significance are still not well known. We performed an observational study to describe fetal hepatic calcifications and its association with main clinical and histopathological findings from the fetal autopsy database, between 2007 and 2014. Raw odds ratio analysis was performed. We reviewed 591 fetal autopsies: 14 cases with hepatic calcifications, 102 fetuses with chromosomal disorders; 13 with diagnosis of TORSCH (toxoplasma, rubella, syphilis, cytomegalovirus, herpes virus 1 and 2, and others) and 207 with any abnormality in the umbilical cord (UC). The relation between hepatic calcifications and chromosomal disorders in our series had significance. It is known that hepatic calcifications are common in chromosomal disorders, transplacental infections and UC abnormalities, those conditions are risk factor for hepatic calcifications formation; we suggest hepatic calcifications should alert the pathologists in order to consider these etiologies in first instance.

Availability of secondary healthcare data for conducting pharmacoepidemiology studies in Colombia: A systematic review

“…Among these, 351 articles were excluded after title screening and the abstract of the 784 remaining papers was assessed. Finally, 461 publications were excluded following the eligibility criteria and thus, 323 articles that had interpretable data and fulfilled the eligibility criteria were used for data extraction…”

“…In 41 articles (84%), the healthcare institution was identifiable and included a mix of public and private institutions. The healthcare institutions with the greater amount of publications are located in Colombia's three major cities: Bogota (Hospital Universitario San Ignacio 57,91,176,247 and Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia 43,158,195,313 ), Medellin (Hospital Pablo Tobon Uribe 172,201,261,297,328 ) and Cali (Fundacion Valle de Lili 60,196,330,335,336,340 ).…”

Physicochemistry in medicine: some selected examples

“…Ubiquity of the PC PC may occur in various parts of the body, namely kidneys, 12-16 arteries, 50,51 breast, 52-54 gallbladder, 55,56 liver, 57 pancreas, 58,59 prostate, 60,61 saliva, 62 thyroid, 63 heart 64 and cartilage. [65][66][67][68] Calcifications may occur also on medical devices namely bioprosthetic heart valves, 69 mammary implants, 70 stents 71,72 and intraocular lens.…”

Scanning electron microscopy—a powerful imaging technique for the clinician

“…Nowadays, SEM of pathological calcifications [10][11][12] is a very active research field. Typical recent publications include studies on kidney [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], salivary stones [25], breast [26][27][28], cardiovascular system [29,30], cartilage [31,32], gallstones [33], prostatic stones [34,35], thyroid [36], liver [37], ileal [38], or medical devices [39]. These examples convincingly show that SEM is an essential laboratory tool that continues to provide new clues about the pathogenesis of these biological samples.…”