Hepatitis A among International Adoptees and Their Contacts

Fischer, Gayle E.; Teshale, Eyasu H.; Miller, Claudia; Schumann, Casey; Winter, Kathleen; Elson, Franny; Horan, Katherine; Reed, Christie; Armstrong, Gregory L.; Perz, Joseph F.

doi:10.1086/591199

Cited by 36 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…A single report of transmission from a Russian adoptee was published in 2001, and, in 2007, a cluster of 4 cases of hepatitis A identified throughout the United States associated with children adopted from the same orphanage in Ethiopia was reported. 21,23 In Minnesota from 2007 through 2009, 21 recently internationally adopted children were found to be infected with hepatitis A. Only 6 of these children were symptomatic and, therefore, might have been tested for hepatitis A based on signs and symptoms; the remaining 15 were asymptomatic and would have been missed if not identified through routine screening of international adoptees or investigations of hepatitis A cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis A Infection in Recent International Adoptees and Their Contacts in Minnesota, 2007–2009

et al. 2011

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OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to describe hepatitis A–infected adoptees and the risk of transmission to their contacts. METHODS: This was a retrospective review of adoptee-associated cases of hepatitis A and hepatitis A–infected adoptees identified in Minnesota from 2007 through 2009. RESULTS: From 2007 through 2009 in Minnesota, 10 cases of hepatitis A, including 1 fulminant case, were associated with international adoptees. Eight cases were direct contacts of a hepatitis A–infected adoptee, and 2 other cases secondary contacts of an adoptee. During the same period, hepatitis A infection was identified in 21 recently arrived foreign-born adoptees; all were younger than 60 months of age, and only 6 were symptomatic. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware that transmission of hepatitis A may occur among both direct and secondary contacts of young children recently adopted from hepatitis A–endemic areas and that infected young children may be asymptomatic. Household members and other close contacts of international adoptees should be counseled about hepatitis A prevention, including vaccination. In addition, screening for hepatitis A should be considered for recently arrived adoptees from endemic areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis A Infection in Recent International Adoptees and Their Contacts in Minnesota, 2007–2009

et al. 2011

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“…2 Most internationally adopted children come from HAV-endemic countries, 3 are young, and may have unrecognized infections with prolonged shedding, 4,5 which places their new families and other close contacts at risk for acquiring HAV infection. Although we know that transmission from internationally adopted children occurs, [6][7][8][9] information regarding the prevalence of acute HAV infection and immunity among internationally adopted children is lacking. To contribute data for evidencebased guidelines for HAV screening, we determined the prevalence of acute HAV infection and immunity in a large group of internationally adopted children.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis A in Internationally Adopted Children: Screening for Acute and Previous Infections

et al. 2010

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“…[7][8][9][10] Of these, only two reports involved hepatitis A in non-traveling contacts of international adoptees. 9,10 In the first report, a 36-year-old French woman developed hepatitis A from an asymptomatic 18-month-old child adopted from Ethiopia. 9 In the second report, a 51-year-old American woman developed hepatitis A after interacting with her one-year-old adopted twin grandchildren from Ethiopia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 In the second report, a 51-year-old American woman developed hepatitis A after interacting with her one-year-old adopted twin grandchildren from Ethiopia. 10 The costs of the investigation and control measures for this outbreak were not determined. Only a few hepatitis A outbreaks have undergone economic analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Outbreak of Hepatitis A among Primary and Secondary Contacts of an International Adoptee

et al. 2010

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The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends that susceptible people traveling to developing countries receive hepatitis A vaccine or immune globulin prior to departure. Until 2009, the recommendations did not address non-traveling family members or other close contacts of international adoptees. We report an outbreak of hepatitis A in 2008 that occurred in Maine. Eight members of an extended family developed hepatitis A following the arrival of an asymptomatic infant from Ethiopia who was brought to the United States by an adoption agency. Two children in the family attended an elementary school where five additional cases of hepatitis A were subsequently identified. Only three (1%) of 208 students at the school had previously been immunized against hepatitis A. This outbreak highlights the need to immunize household members and other close contacts of families adopting children from countries where hepatitis A is endemic, as well as all children at one year of age.

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Hepatitis A among International Adoptees and Their Contacts

Cited by 36 publications

References 4 publications

Hepatitis A Infection in Recent International Adoptees and Their Contacts in Minnesota, 2007–2009

Hepatitis A Infection in Recent International Adoptees and Their Contacts in Minnesota, 2007–2009

Hepatitis A in Internationally Adopted Children: Screening for Acute and Previous Infections

An Outbreak of Hepatitis A among Primary and Secondary Contacts of an International Adoptee

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