Hepatitis B and C Infections Among Pediatric Patients with Sickle Cell Disease at a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria

Babatola, Adefunke Olarinre; Olatunya, Oladele Simeon; Faboya, Ayodeji Opeyemi; Ojo, Temitope Olumuyiwa; Kayode, Segun Tolorunju; Komolafe, Akinwumi Kolawole; Oyelami, Oyeku Akibu; Ajayi, Oladimeji A

doi:10.5812/pedinfect.101632

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Ekiti study reported very low prevalence of 1%, reason was that most of the study 44 group had received hepatitis B vaccination. 44 HBsAg was found only in those not vaccinated. The prevalence obtained from this study is however lower than that obtained in various studies among 39,41 39 SCA patients from Benin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Prevalence of hepatitis B markers seropositivity in sickle cell (SCA) children in ABUTH Shika, Kaduna State

Aliyu-zubair R,

Yakubu AM,

Ogurinde GO

et al. 2021

Ibom Med J

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Background: The study was carried out to determine the scope and pattern of hepatitis B infection among patient with sickle cell disease presenting at ABUTH Shika. Aims and objectives. This research work was conducted to determine the seropositivity of HBV infection amongst SCA patients and also to determine the associated potential risk in the acquisition of the infection.Patients and method: In order to determine the pattern of HBV infection among children with SCA aged 6 months to 12 years and associated risk factors; a random selection of 146 children was made at the paediatric haematology clinic of Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika. For each SCA patient, an age-and sex- matched control with genotype AA presenting with minor ailments were selected from the paediatric outpatient of the hospital. The children were screened for various markers of hepatitis B virus using a spot test and ELISA test.Results: The prevalence rates of hepatitis B infection documented in the SCA and control groups were 24.66% and 28.77% respectively. The prevalence was highest in 9 - 12 year age group for both SCA patients and controls with prevalence of 42.86% and 42.11% respectively. None of the risk factors studied which included blood transfusions, parenteral injections, hospitalization, ulcers, tattooing, traditional circumcision, ear piercing, traditional scarification and contact with known hepatitis case were significantly associated with HBV infection in either the SCA or control group. There was also no association between frequency of hospitalizations, transfusions and people sleeping in the same room with HBV infection in either SCA patients or the control groups. The most frequent marker found among both the SCA and control group was anti-HBc.Conclusion: High prevalence of HBV infection was detected in both the subjects and controls. Children with SCA were not found to be at increased risk of contracting hepatitis B infection. It is recommended that all children should benefit from early vaccination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…There are few studies on the prevalence of HBV infection among SCA children, most of which were [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] inconclusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of hepatitis B markers seropositivity in sickle cell (SCA) children in ABUTH Shika, Kaduna State

Aliyu-zubair R,

Yakubu AM,

Ogurinde GO

et al. 2021

Ibom Med J

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“…Despite the fact that some studies in Africa have shown a higher prevalence of HBV and HCV among patients with SCD, 59–61 we did not corroborate this in our study. Studies in Nigeria which compared the seroprevalence rates of HBV and HCV among patients with SCD, with and without a history of transfusion with healthy age‐ and sex‐matched controls, did not show a significant difference in prevalence rate of these viral markers among both groups 62–64 . However, a study from the northern part of Nigeria (Zaria) in 2002 reported one patient (one of 55; 1.8%) who was HIV‐seropositive on chronic transfusion 51 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Studies in Nigeria which compared the seroprevalence rates of HBV and HCV among patients with SCD, with and without a history of transfusion with healthy age-and sex-matched controls, did not show a significant difference in prevalence rate of these viral markers among both groups. [62][63][64] However, a study from the northern part of Nigeria (Zaria) in 2002 reported one patient (one of 55; 1.8%) who was HIV-seropositive on chronic transfusion. 51 However, in the present study, none of the children with SCD on regular or episodic blood transfusion were seropositive for any of the viral TTIs (Table 1), even though the median number of RBC transfusions was 16.5 units for those on regular transfusions (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction in seroprevalence of viral transfusion‐transmitted infections in southwest Nigeria in children with sickle cell disease using an enhanced screening strategy

et al. 2022

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Sickle cell disease (SCD) affects 3.2 million people globally and ~176 000 people die of SCD-related complications per year. 1 Nigeria alone has been estimated to have at least 150 000 newborns with SCD annually, a prevalence of 30 per 1000 live births has been reported in a regional newborn screening programme. 2 SCD is an autosomal recessive, genetic disorder in which red blood cells (RBCs) sickle in deoxygenated states due to single nucleotide polymorphism in which GTG is substituted for GAG (thymidine for adenine) at the sixth codon of the βglobin chain. This leads to chronic haemolysis, varying degrees of anaemia, and vaso-occlusive complications. 3,4 Despite a 10-fold rise in erythropoiesis, the haemolysis and resultant anaemia is only partially compensated, 3 can be exacerbated by factors related and unrelated to

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“…In Ekiti state, prevalence rates of 3.9% and 6.2% were reported amongst pregnant women and adults, respectively [5,6]. Also, amongst children and adolescents, varying seroprevalences have been reported from diferent parts of Nigeria [7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and Willingness to Utilize Hepatitis B Preventive Measures among Pregnant Women in Ado-Ekiti, Southwest, Nigeria

Ade-Ojo,

Babatola,

Ojo

et al. 2023

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases

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Introduction. Mother-to-child transmission remains an important mode of transmission of hepatitis B infection particularly in endemic areas. The knowledge and practices of pregnant women about mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) may influence the uptake of strategies to reduce mother-to-child transmission of infection. Objectives. This study assessed the knowledge and willingness to uptake hepatitis B virus infection preventive services among pregnant women in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study that involved 373 pregnant women at the Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital (EKSUTH) and Maternal Child Specialist Clinics, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was used to assess their knowledge, practices, and perceptions about MTCT of hepatitis B infection. Results. Only 52.5% (196) of the respondents had good knowledge, although the majority 290 (77.7%) had heard of hepatitis B infection prior to the survey. Only 147 (39.4%) of the respondents had ever had hepatitis B screening. More persons with professional jobs had good knowledge about hepatitis B infection compared with other occupations ( p < 0.001 ). However, more respondents aged 30–34 years had poor knowledge about hepatitis B infection compared with other age groups ( p = 0.045 ). Respondents with good knowledge about hepatitis B infection were willing to uptake hepatitis B infection prevention services ( p < 0.001 ) Conclusion. This study showed that respondents with professional jobs had good knowledge about hepatitis B infection and those who had good knowledge about the infection were willing to utilize hepatitis B preventive measures. Awareness of MTCT of HBV did not translate into good practice as only few respondents had screened for hepatitis B. There is a need to intensify education about modes of transmission of hepatitis B infection with an emphasis on promoting good preventive practices.

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Hepatitis B and C Infections Among Pediatric Patients with Sickle Cell Disease at a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Prevalence of hepatitis B markers seropositivity in sickle cell (SCA) children in ABUTH Shika, Kaduna State

Prevalence of hepatitis B markers seropositivity in sickle cell (SCA) children in ABUTH Shika, Kaduna State

Reduction in seroprevalence of viral transfusion‐transmitted infections in southwest Nigeria in children with sickle cell disease using an enhanced screening strategy

Knowledge and Willingness to Utilize Hepatitis B Preventive Measures among Pregnant Women in Ado-Ekiti, Southwest, Nigeria

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