Hepatitis B in Pregnancy: Specific Issues and Considerations

Ho, Vincent T.; Ho, William L.

doi:10.4172/jaa.1000046

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Tenofovir, amtricitabine and lamivudine have activity against HBV and HIV, thereby reducing the chances of vertical transmission of both viruses. [12,22] Interestingly, the prevalence of HBeAg in this study was comparable in the HIVinfected (30.0%) and uninfected (37.5%) groups (p=0.7400) ( Table 3). This finding indicates that without HBV treatment in pregnancy, or immunoprophylaxis to the exposed babies, both HIVinfected and HIVuninfected mothers would be at the same risk of transmitting the virus to their neonates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…[11] Risk factors known to predispose to perinatal transmission include maternal HBeAg positivity, HBsAg titre, detectable HBV DNA, acute hepatitis B acquired in pregnancy, a history of threatened preterm labour and specific allelic mutations in maternal HBV. [12] The risk of vertical transmission is higher during the intrapartum period (at or near the time of birth) and is reported to result from exposure of the neonate to maternal blood and secretions during delivery. Intrauterine transmission of HBV is rare, accounting for <5% of infants born to HbeAg and HBsAgpositive mothers.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Antenatal screening for hepatitis B virus in HIV-infected and uninfected pregnant women in the Tshwane district of South Africa

et al. 2015

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This study showed a significantly higher HBV prevalence in HIV-infected compared with HIV-uninfected patients. The comparable HBeAg prevalence between the two groups indicates that both were at an increased risk of vertical transmission, therefore demonstrating a need for antenatal screening for HBV. Since antenatal screening is often not affordable in low-income countries, administration of HBV vaccine at birth is needed for prevention of vertical transmission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antenatal screening for hepatitis B virus in HIV-infected and uninfected pregnant women in the Tshwane district of South Africa

et al. 2015

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“…Pregnant women who are negative for HBsAg and are otherwise at high risk of contacting the infection can be offered immunisation during pregnancy. 18 The infants of potentially infectious mothers are treated with HBV Human Hyperglobulin (HBIG) at delivery and simultaneously active immunoprophylaxis is initiated. 6 This approach is effective in preventing chronic HBV in approximately 85% neonates, 19 if the vaccination and passive immunisation is initiated within 24 hours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Infection During Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcome

Kamate¹,

Godbole²,

Kamate³

2016

jemds

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“…Maternal–neonatal transmission is one of the most important transmission ways to many infectious pathogens including HBV (Hu et al, ). Maternal–neonatal transmission of HBV can occur intrauterinely, intrapartumly, or postpartumly (Ho and Ho, ). The application of HB vaccines or/and HB immunoglobulin has resulted in a significant decrease in the incidence of intrapartum infection and postpartum infection (Franco et al, ; Ho and Ho, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maternal–neonatal transmission of HBV can occur intrauterinely, intrapartumly, or postpartumly (Ho and Ho, ). The application of HB vaccines or/and HB immunoglobulin has resulted in a significant decrease in the incidence of intrapartum infection and postpartum infection (Franco et al, ; Ho and Ho, ). However, there is still no effective measurement to block intrauterine infection of HBV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HBxAg suppresses apoptosis of human placental trophoblastic cell lines via activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway

Wang

Shi²,

Bai

et al. 2016

Cell Biology International

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The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of hepatitis B virus X (HBx) protein on the apoptosis of placental trophoblastic cells and its potential mechanism. A pcDNA3.1 expression vector of HBx gene was built and transfected into JEG-3 and HTR-8 human placental trophoblastic cell lines, respectively. After transfection for 48 h, RT-PCR and immunofluorescence analyses showed that HBx mRNA and protein expression was detected in JEG-3 and HTR-8 cells. Flow cytometry revealed that early apoptosis of JEG-3 and HTR-8 cells was reduced by pcDNA-HBx transfection. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting showed that PI3K and p-Akt were significantly upregulated in HTR-8 cells. HBx ectopic expression did not change the viability of JEG-3 and HTR-8 cells when the PI3K/Akt pathway was blocked by its specific inhibitor LY294002. Moreover, the pcDNA-PI3K expression vector and pcDNA-HBx were transfected individually or co-transfected into the cells. The results showed that pcDNA-PI3K/pcDNA-HBx co-transfection promoted the expression of PI3K protein compared with the pcDNA-PI3K transfection group but did not increase the expression of HBx protein compared with pcDNA-HBx transfection group. In conclusion, HBx gene can be transferred into JEG-3 and HTR-8 human placental trophoblastic cell lines and cause inhibition of cell apoptosis. Its effect of apoptosis inhibition is related to the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

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Hepatitis B in Pregnancy: Specific Issues and Considerations

Cited by 5 publications

References 79 publications

Antenatal screening for hepatitis B virus in HIV-infected and uninfected pregnant women in the Tshwane district of South Africa

Antenatal screening for hepatitis B virus in HIV-infected and uninfected pregnant women in the Tshwane district of South Africa

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Infection During Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcome

HBxAg suppresses apoptosis of human placental trophoblastic cell lines via activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway

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