Hepatitis B prevalence in Denmark – an estimate based on nationwide registers and a national screening programme, as on 31 December 2007

AIMTo detect chronic hepatitis B (CHB), chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in dried blood spot (DBS) and compare these samples to venous blood sampling in real-life.METHODSWe included prospective patients with known viral infections from drug treatment centers, a prison and outpatient clinics and included blood donors as negative controls. Five drops of finger capillary blood were spotted on filter paper, and a venous blood sample was obtained. The samples were analyzed for HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HBs, anti-HCV, and anti-HIV levels as well as subjected to a combined nucleic acid test (NAT) for HBV DNA, HCV RNA and HIV RNA.RESULTSSamples from 404 subjects were screened (85 CHB, 116 CHC, 114 HIV and 99 blood donors). DBS had a sensitivity of > 96% and a specificity of > 98% for the detection of all three infections. NAT testing did not improve sensitivity, but correctly classified 95% of the anti-HCV-positive patients with chronic and past infections. Anti-HBc and anti-HBS showed low sensitivity in DBS (68% and 42%).CONCLUSIONDBS sampling, combined with an automated analysis system, is a feasible screening method to diagnose chronic viral hepatitis and HIV infections outside of the health care system.

show abstract

“…These groups also have difficulties accessing the existing health system and may have poor knowledge of the diseases and risk factors[12]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dried blood spots, valid screening for viral hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus in real-life

Mössner¹,

Staugaard²,

Jensen³

et al. 2016

WJG

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The male to female ratio in the case of inflammatory conditions turned out to be lower (0.6 to 2.3) when compared to cases of acute hepatitis B (0.5 to 5.2) (24). However, according to the data provided by the Danish National Board of Health, the estimated incidence rate of chronic hepatitis B in the population under 16 years of age registered prior to 31 December 2007 (including undiagnosed patients) was 0.24, and the rate was a little higher among men (25). The results of studies from Iran confirm the gender differences revealed earlier in the incidence rates of chronic carrier states of the HBs antigen to the disadvantage of men (26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rise in the number of chronic hepatitis B cases may be associated with the increased number of tests performed, but also with a growing migration of hepatitis cases from the countries with high hepatitis B incidence rates, which has been reported in many European countries and the USA (23, 25, 33, 34, 36, 37). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in the Incidence Rates of Chronic Hepatitis B in Poland in the Years 2005 - 2013

Stawińska-Witoszyńska

Zysnarska

Krzywińska-Wiewiórowska

et al. 2016

Hepat Mon

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe prevalence of newly-diagnosed cases of chronic hepatitis is decisive for the overall incidence rate of hepatitis B observed in Poland.ObjectivesWe aimed to determine the chronic hepatitis B incidence trends in Poland, taking into consideration the ages, genders, and environments of the patients.MethodsThe study is based on aggregated data from Polish descriptive epidemiological studies for the period of 2005 to 2013 (i.e., hepatitis B incidence numbers and ratios, including mixed HBV and HCV infections) as published in the annual bulletins Choroby zakazne i zatrucia w Polsce (Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland] drawn up by the laboratory for the monitoring and analysis of epidemiological status of the department of epidemiology at the national institute of public health - national institute of hygiene (NIPH-NIH). Poland, a central European country situated in the humid continental climate zone, is classified as a highly developed country. In the analyzed period, the Polish population consisted of about 38 million people, more than 19 million of whom were women, and more than 18 million of whom were men. Among European countries, Poland has the smallest number of national and ethnic minorities. For the purposes of epidemiological supervision, a special definition of acute hepatitis B was adopted in Poland in 2005, which facilitated separate registration of acute and chronic cases.ResultsA significantly increasing chronic hepatitis B incidence trend was observed in the population of Poland, with considerable increases in incidence rates for both men and women alike. The incidence rates for inhabitants of both urban and rural areas also showed an increasing tendency. Chronic hepatitis B occurred more frequently in men and in urban areas. For each of the five-year age groups encompassing patients between 20 and 54 years of age, the increase in the incidence rate proved to be significant.ConclusionsThe registered increase in the incidence rate of chronic hepatitis B in Poland is a consequence of the new registration of cases of chronic hepatitis B acquired in the past. The problem of chronic hepatitis B can be solved by improving epidemiological supervision, enhancing the detection of frequently asymptomatic infections, and by providing easier access to optimized therapies.

show abstract

“…Even in countries where all citizens have unique identification codes -for example Denmark where markrecapture has been used to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis (Christensen et al, 2012;Hansen et al, 2014) -issues relating to data protection legislation and client or patient confidentiality are becoming more and more prominent. While it is possible to construct unique numeric codes to anonymise or "pseudonymise" personal data, since these are based on personal data the data protection concerns still remain (along with all the attendant data security issues such as safe storage and transfer).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Prevalence of Drug Use Using Mark-Recapture Methods

Hay¹,

Richardson²

2016

Statist. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Sparked by the need to inform the response to the spread of HIV/AIDS in drug injecting populations in the 1980s and the desire to base local, national and international responses to tackling drug use in the 1990s on solid epidemiological data, the mark-recapture method has increasingly been used to estimate the prevalence of drug use. Richard Cormack provided support and advice to some of the first United Kingdom and European studies to estimate drug use prevalence in this way. The approach he outlined, using macros that he developed, has led to the mark-recapture method being used to systematically assess the use of drugs such as heroin or other opioids in the United Kingdom and across Europe. We review the development of the method when applied to estimating the size of drug-using populations, including the use of Bayesian methods. We discuss its limitations and various criticisms that have been voiced. MSC 2010 subject classifications: Primary 62P25 applications to social sciences, 62-07 data analysis; secondary 62J12 generalized linear models.

show abstract

Hepatitis B prevalence in Denmark – an estimate based on nationwide registers and a national screening programme, as on 31 December 2007

Abstract: Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches

Cited by 35 publications

References 19 publications

Dried blood spots, valid screening for viral hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus in real-life

Dried blood spots, valid screening for viral hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus in real-life

Trends in the Incidence Rates of Chronic Hepatitis B in Poland in the Years 2005 - 2013

Estimating the Prevalence of Drug Use Using Mark-Recapture Methods

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About