Hepatitis B: raising awareness in the South Asian community in Preston

Landon, Christine; Maru, Alka

doi:10.12968/bjcn.2013.18.1.19

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In our previous study, we discovered HBV infection in 8% of the mentally disabled patients [23]. The present study, which was conducted on nurses caring for the same patients, showed an infection rate of 3%, which indicates a strict control of the HBV prevalence among the staff.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Hepatitis B Virus (Hepadnaviridae: Orthohepadnavirus: Hepatitis B virus) among Hospitalized Mentally Disabled Patients is not transmitted by their nurses or family members

Sarbandi

Hosseini

Vakili

et al. 2021

Voprosy virusologii

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Background. Prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been reported to be higher in the institutionalized mentally disabled patients than that of the general population previously reported in Iran. This study aims to investigate HBV infection among nurses and families of the hospitalized mentally disabled patients.Material and methods. This study was conducted on 110 nurses and family members of the mentally disabled patients who were hospitalized in five residential care centers of Tehran. The presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) was examined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Afterwards, HBV DNA was extracted, and then propagated via a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and specific primers. Finally, a phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining method to compare virus genomes in the nurses’ serum with other isolated HBVs worldwide.Results. Out of 102 studied nurses, three (3%) were positive for HBsAg (100% female). Also, no patient was positive for the HBV genome, while eight (7.3%) nurses were positive for HBcAb including two (25%) males and six (75%) females. Genome sequencing of one DNA positive sample showed that the isolated virus from this patient contained sub genotype D1 and subtype ayw2. The results of none of the family members were positive for HBsAg, HBcAb, or HBV DNA.Conclusion. This study showed a higher prevalence of HBsAg among nurses (3%) compared to the Iranian general population (1.7–2.1%). The virus isolated from the nurses belonged to subgenotype D1 and subtype ayw2 in accordance with previous Iranian reports. Also, there was no drug-resistant or vaccine-escape mutations in the obtained viral genome. Moreover, low immune pressure on the virus in the asymptomatic chronic HBV patients might be responsible for low nucleotide divergence among the derived HBV genome.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Hepatitis B Virus (Hepadnaviridae: Orthohepadnavirus: Hepatitis B virus) among Hospitalized Mentally Disabled Patients is not transmitted by their nurses or family members

Sarbandi

Hosseini

Vakili

et al. 2021

Voprosy virusologii

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“…London-based polio booster campaign, multiple innovations were seen in the delivery of vaccinations to marginalised groups, including offering incentives and flexible arrangements and infrastructure (e.g. out-of-hours clinics and alternative settings for vaccination (36)(37)(38)(39)(40). How these approaches could be used for delivering routine immunisations to migrants must be considered (41), ensuring the involvement and support of these communities in research and policy decisions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving uptake of missed routine vaccines in adolescent and adult migrants: a prospective observational mixed-methods pilot study of catch-up vaccination in UK general practice

Crawshaw,

Goldsmith,

Deal

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Migrants in Europe may be vulnerable to vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs) because of missed routine vaccines in childhood in their country of origin and marginalisation from health and vaccine systems. To align with European schedules, migrants should be offered catch–up vaccinations, considering MMR, Td–IPV, and age–appropriate MenACWY and HPV. However, awareness and implementation of catch-up guidelines by primary care staff in the UK is considered to be poor, and there is a lack of research on effective approaches to strengthen the primary care pathway. Methods We conducted a prospective observational mixed methods pilot study ′Vacc on Track′ (May 2021-September 2022) to better understand and define new care pathways to increase catch –up vaccination for adolescent and adult migrants presenting to primary care (≥16 years, born outside Western Europe, North America, Australia, or New Zealand) in two London boroughs. We designed a standardised data collection tool to assess rates of under–vaccination in migrant populations and previous VPDs, which then prompted a referral to practice nurses to deliver catch–up vaccination for those with uncertain or incomplete immunisation status, following UK guidelines. We explored views of practice staff on delivering catch–up vaccination to migrant populations through focus group discussions and engaged migrants in in–depth interviews around approaches to catch–up vaccination. Data were analysed in STATA12 and Microsoft Excel. Results We recruited 57 migrant participants (mean age 41 [SD 7.2] years; 62% female; mean 11.3 [SD 9.1] years in UK) from 18 countries, with minimum 6 months follow–up. We did 3 focus groups with 30 practice staff and 39 qualitative in–depth interviews with migrants. Nearly all migrant participants required catch–up vaccination for MMR (86%) and Td/IPV (88%) and most reported not having been previously engaged in UK primary care around catch–up vaccination. 12 (55%) of 22 participants in Site 1 reported a past VPD, including measles and rubella. 53 (93%) of participants were referred for catch–up vaccination. However, although 43 (81%) had at least one dose (at follow–up) of a required vaccine, only 6 (12%) referred for Td–IPV and 33 (64%) of those referred for MMR had completed their required course and vaccination pathway at follow–up, suggesting there were a range of personal and environmental obstacles to migrants accessing vaccinations and all multiple doses of vaccines that need to be better considered. Staff identified seven barriers to delivering catch–up vaccines to migrants, including limited time for appointments and follow–up, language and literacy barriers when taking histories and to encourage vaccination, lack of staff knowledge of current guidelines, inadequate engagement routes, and the absence of primary care targets or incentives. Conclusions Our findings suggest adolescent and adult migrants are an under–vaccinated group and would benefit from being offered catch–up vaccination on arrival to the UK. Primary care is an important setting to deliver catch–up vaccination, but effective pathways are currently lacking, and improving vaccine coverage for key routine vaccines across a broader range of migrant groups will require designated staff champions, training, awareness–raising and financial incentives. Novel ways to deliver vaccinations in community settings should be explored, along with co–designing community-based interventions to raise awareness among these populations of the benefits of lifecourse immunisation.

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“…PHAs also funded faith leaders to build community relationships among immigrant communities [48,106], and further bolster their work with vulnerable populations [107]. As seen in tight-knit faith communities, ethno-racial minorities, and marginalized communities [96,[108][109][110], vaccine confidence among African Americans [72], Korean immigrant church goers [46], minoritized Jewish populations in the United Kingdom [111], and Rohingya refugees in Pakistan [112,113] increased.…”

Section: Plos Global Public Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public health partnerships with faith-based organizations to support vaccination uptake among minoritized communities: A scoping review

Song,

Blake-Hepburn,

Karbasi

et al. 2024

PLOS Glob Public Health

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Faith-based vaccine initiatives are of growing interest to public health agencies who are looking to increase vaccine confidence among ethnoracially minoritized populations. Despite evidence that support faith-based organizations’ (FBOs) partnerships with public health agencies (PHAs) to increase vaccine confidence, reviews on the scope and efforts to ensure equitable vaccination delivery for ethnoracially minoritized populations are scarce. We aimed to understand how public health agencies collaborate with FBOs or faith communities to improve vaccine confidence among minoritized communities in high-, low- and middle- income countries. We conducted a scoping review by searching OVID MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), SCOPUS, and PROQUEST from 2011 to 2023. We included case studies, news reports, observational studies, experimental, and quasi-experimental studies and multimedia content that describes PHA-FBO partnerships that created vaccine initiatives for marginalized and minoritized communities. The data was extracted, summarized, and results were described narratively. We included 167 initiatives reported in 160 publications; 83.8% of the included articles were published between 2019 to 2023. The interventions carried out by PHA-FBO partnerships attempted to increase vaccine uptake using any or all the following methods. First, the initiatives provided digital and in-person platforms for interfaith learning and established training programs to empower faith leaders to become vaccine ambassadors. Second, the initiatives designed and disseminated education and awareness materials that aimed to be sensitive to religious and gender norms. Third, PHA-FBO partnered to apply equity and faith-based frameworks and provided wrap-around support to enable equitable vaccine access. Majority of the initiatives reported that PHA-FBO partnerships improved vaccine confidence and uptake (71.3%). About 22.2% of the initiatives reported quantitative outcomes post-intervention. PHA-FBO initiatives over the past decade increased vaccine uptake and acceptance among diverse ethnoracially minoritized populations. Reporting of faith-based initiatives are subject to publication bias and can be strengthened by examining more evaluation studies and establishment of key outcome indicators to critically appraise intervention outcomes.

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Hepatitis B: raising awareness in the South Asian community in Preston

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Hepatitis B Virus (Hepadnaviridae: Orthohepadnavirus: Hepatitis B virus) among Hospitalized Mentally Disabled Patients is not transmitted by their nurses or family members

Hepatitis B Virus (Hepadnaviridae: Orthohepadnavirus: Hepatitis B virus) among Hospitalized Mentally Disabled Patients is not transmitted by their nurses or family members

Driving uptake of missed routine vaccines in adolescent and adult migrants: a prospective observational mixed-methods pilot study of catch-up vaccination in UK general practice

Public health partnerships with faith-based organizations to support vaccination uptake among minoritized communities: A scoping review

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