Hepatitis B Vaccination: Needs a Revision

Rezaee‐Zavareh, Mohammad Saeid; Einollahi, Behzad

doi:10.5812/hepatmon.17461

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Revaccination with a single booster dose in non-responders to standard protocol, gives a response rate of 15 to 25%. Two additional single doses (a total of 3 single doses) increase this rate up to 30 to 50% [7]. Comparing these results with those in our study, we find a rate of 32.14% after a single booster dose and 57.14% after three booster doses.…”

Section: Response To Vaccination After the Recall Protocolsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…It is recognized that antibody levels of anti-HBs (Hepatitis B surface antibody) above 10 IU / l offer effective protection against the HBV [6]. The positive response rate after vaccination varies between 85 and 100% [7]. Several factors may reduce seroconversion: age, sex, weight, heredity, smoking, immunosuppression and the subcutaneous administration [4,5,8,9].…”

Section: Vaccines Typementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most cases, anti-HBs antibody levels which are between 100 and 1000 IU/l are achieved after a course of therapy, and some authorities recommend a fourth dose if the rates are between 10 and 100 IU / l. People who do not respond to the first series may benefit from additional doses. About 15 to 25% of people respond to an additional dose, and 30 to 50% to two additional doses [7].…”

Section: Vaccination Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparing these results with those in our study, we find a rate of 32.14% after a single booster dose and 57.14% after three booster doses. Although reminders up to 9 doses are recommended in non-responders healthy adults [7], it is not found in the literature a revaccination reference protocol.…”

Section: Response To Vaccination After the Recall Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis B Vaccine in Healthy Adults: Effect of Sex and Age, Two Protocols for Non-Responding Adults

Haddad¹

2017

VVOA

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Objective: To evaluate in non-immunocompromised adults not vaccinated against HBV (Hepatitis B virus), the response rate to vaccination according to standard protocol (SP) (0, 1, 6 months) and response rate in non-responders subjected to two protocols. Materials And Methods: 192 employees in a Hospital located in Beirut, average age of 44.3, not previously vaccinated, non-immunocompromised, are vaccinated by Engerix B 20 mcg/1ml according to the SP. Non-responders to this protocol are divided into two subgroups. The first one receives a single booster dose 4 months after the end of the SP, and those who remains unresponsive receives a double booster dose 2 years later. The second one receives only one double booster dose 2 years after the SP.Results: The rate of positive immune response after vaccination using the SP is 145/192 (75.5%). 28 non-responder's individuals receives 4 months later a booster dose; the positive response rate is 9/28 (32.14%). The 19 non-responders individual R1 receives a double booster at 2 years with a positive response rate of7/18 (36.84%). The positive response in this subgroup is 57.14%. Non-responders formed by 19 individuals, are boosted after 2 years. Their positive response rate is 63.16%. 19/192 (9.9%) of the individuals do not respond to any protocols. Female gender and advanced age are two factors that diminish the response to vaccination. Conclusion:A booster dose at 2 years gives a better immunity than a simple reminder at 4 months, and is similar to the protocol using a booster at 4 months followed by a second one after 2 years.

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Section: Response To Vaccination After the Recall Protocolsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Vaccines Typementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vaccination Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Response To Vaccination After the Recall Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis B Vaccine in Healthy Adults: Effect of Sex and Age, Two Protocols for Non-Responding Adults

Haddad¹

2017

VVOA

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“…Third-generation vaccines contain preS1 and preS2 epitopes in addition to S antigen and are considerably more immunogenic than the second-generation ones. These vaccines are suitable for nonresponders to the conventional vaccines [11,14,15] . Approximately 10-15% of the normal population fails to produce hepatitis B antibody titer above 10 mIU/mL, which is the critical titer for protection against the infection, regardless of how many doses are administered [16,17] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humoral Immune Response in Mice Elicited by Combined Yeast-Derived Hepatitis B Virus Core, Surface, and Mosaic Surface Antigens

Granovski¹,

Yokosawa²,

Rodrigues-Granovski³

et al. 2017

Intervirology

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Background: Although successful, the second-generation hepatitis B vaccine programs around the world have a small group of immunized individuals that does not respond efficiently to the vaccination. Other issues of these vaccines are individuals that are low or nonresponders and/or have incomplete protection against heterologous hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes/subtypes and against HBV escape mutants. In addition, there are approximately 240 million people chronically infected with HBV worldwide and 620,000 deaths per year caused by the infection. Methods: In this study we developed three Hansenula polymorpha plasmids containing the following sequences: (a) HBsAg subtype ayw, (b) HBcAg sequence subtype adw2, and (c) chimeric HBsAg (adw4/ ayw) - preS1 (adw2) - 3 repetitions of preS2 (genotypes A, B, and C). The sequences were successfully expressed and the antigens purified. Using Balb/c mice the antigens were tested in different dosage combinations. Results: Three antigens were obtained at a high purity level and with high reproducibility. We also assessed their immunogenic properties, showing that the antigens, individually or in combination, generated anti-HBs, anti-preS1, anti-preS2, and anti-HBc antibodies efficiently in mice. Conclusions: The formulation tests showed that a combination of 0.02 μg of HBs, 0.2 μg of preS1-preS2-HBs, and 0.02 μg of HBc was effective in eliciting specific antibodies in mice.

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Pemetaan Bangunan Tiga Dimensi Untuk Pemodelan Jalur Evakuasi Darurat

ulhaq¹,

Soeksmantono²,

Wikantika³

2017

Preprint

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AbstrakMitigasi bencana merupakan salah satu hal penting yang harus dipertimbangkan terutama dalam konstruksi bangunan karena hal tersebut cukup rumit terlebih apabila dikaitkan dengan fakta tidak adanya informasi yang dapat digunakan untuk orang-orang menyelamatkan diri mereka sendiri. Maka dari itu, makalah ilmiah ini memperkenalkan mengenai network analysist untuk rute evakuasi darurat yang bertujuan untuk mencari rute terbaik menuju tempat aman seperti titik berkumpul tergantung pada situasi terkini. Pembuatan keputusan berdasarkan rute yang tepat akan dipilih berdasarkan kategori usia korban dan kondisi saat bencana terjadi, sehingga dapat mengurangi dampak buruk yang akan muncul. Algoritma Dijkstra menunjukan suatu algoritma perncarian rute terpendek antara gedung dan titik berkumpul dengan menghubungkan keduanya melalui data jalan. Model rute evakuasi ini dibentuk dengan menggunakan kombinasi antara model bangunan tiga dimensi yang dibangun dari data LiDAR, orthophoto, dan data lainnya yang berkaitan dengan pemodelan. Bangunan tiga dimensi dapat digunakan dalam manajemen bencana dan respon darurat karena dapat menyediakan informasi penting seperti lokasi bangunan. Evaluasi dari model yang diajukan meningkatkan kemampuan penyelamatan diri sendiri yang mengarah pada berkurangnya dampak buruk yang akan terjadi.Kata kunci: Evakuasi Darurat, Algoritma Dijkstra, LiDAR, pemodelan bangunan 3D AbstractMitigation is an important thing to be considered especially in building construction because it is quite complicated due to the fact that much of the information is unavailable for people to rescue themselves. Hence, this paper introduces about network analysis for evacuation emergency route which aims at finding the best route to the secured place such as the closest assembly point depends on the situation. Thus, decision making regarding the proper route to be chosen depends of the victim age category and current condition to minimize impact that can be generated. Dijkstra’s Algorithm is presented an algorithm for finding the shortest paths between building and assembly point by linking them through road data. This emergency evacuation route model is constructed by combining with three dimensional building model which constructed by using LiDAR data, orthophoto, and the other related data. Three dimensional geo data can be used in disaster management and emergency response because they may provide valuable information such as location of the building. The evaluation of the proposed model for a case study building improve self-sustaining which lead to chances of less adverse effects can appear.Keywords: Emergency Evacuation, Dijkstra’s Algorithm, LiDAR, 3D building model

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Hepatitis B Vaccination: Needs a Revision

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Hepatitis B Vaccine in Healthy Adults: Effect of Sex and Age, Two Protocols for Non-Responding Adults

Hepatitis B Vaccine in Healthy Adults: Effect of Sex and Age, Two Protocols for Non-Responding Adults

Humoral Immune Response in Mice Elicited by Combined Yeast-Derived Hepatitis B Virus Core, Surface, and Mosaic Surface Antigens

Pemetaan Bangunan Tiga Dimensi Untuk Pemodelan Jalur Evakuasi Darurat

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