Objectives
The vaccine represents a cornerstone in tackling the COVID-19 pandemic and with the approval of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in December 2020, it has become a beacon of hope for people around the world, including children. This study aimed to present the data on the humoral response and safety of vaccine in a cohort of patients with pediatric rheumatic diseases (PedRD) receiving immunomodulatory treatments.
Methods
Forty-one children with PedRD were included and were vaccinated with the BNT162b2 m-RNA vaccine (two doses of 30 µg administered three to four weeks apart). To assess the humoral response, IgG antibodies developed against the S1/Receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein at baseline and 3-4 weeks after the second dose were measured. The possible local and systemic side effects and disease activity scores were evaluated during the study period.
Results
After the second dose of vaccine, markedly elevated anti-RBD IgG titers were observed in all patients with a median titre of 20474 AU/ml (IQ range:6534–36151) with a good safety profile. The median disease duration was 4.3 (IQ: 3.5-5.6) years. In the cohort, 14 (34.1%) received cDMARDs, 16 (39%) received bDMARDs and 11 (26.8%) received a combined therapy (cDMARDs and bDMARDs). Patients treated with combined therapy (median 4695 [IQR:2764-26491]) had significantly lower median titers of anti-RBD IgG than those receiving only cDMARDs.
Conclusion
PedRD patients receiving immunomodulatory treatments were able to mount an effective humoral response after two dose regimens of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine safely without interrupting their current treatments.