Hepatitis B vaccination status and associated factors among students of medicine and health sciences in Wolkite University, Southwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

Haile, Kassahun; Timerga, Abebe; Mose, Ayenew; Mekonnen, Zebene

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0257621

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Regarding the knowledge of the students about HBV infection, the study revealed that 73.7% of the participants had a good level of knowledge regarding the transmission modes, preventive measures, and complications of HBV disease. The nding was similar to those of other studies conducted in Southwest Ethiopia (73.6%), and Uganda (74.6%) (22,25), but higher than in one conducted in India (43%) (22). This difference might be due to the variety in health policies of the countries; in some countries, orientation and direction on general safety measures were given to senior medical students before enrolling in clinical practice, which makes them nd out more about HBV infection and its occupational risks.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…However, the results of this study have shown that only 2.8% of respondents were fully vaccinated (Table 5). In contrast, our nding is lower than those reported in Ethiopia (5.8%), Nigeria (34.8%), Cameron (18%), Kenya (20.2%), Uganda (44.3%), the kingdom of Saudi Arabia (43.2%) and India (4,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). The main reason for the low Hep B vaccination coverage among respondents could be partially attributed to the fact that Hep B vaccination has been introduced in Somalia in April 2013 as a component of the pentavalent vaccine ( ve-in-one-vaccine) against several potentially fatal childhood diseases including HBV prevention for the rst time and this has been integrated into the national Expanded Program of Immunization (EPI) (26).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hepatitis B vaccination coverage and associated factors among medical students: A Cross-Sectional Study in Bosaso, Somalia 2021

Ali

Hussein

Elmi

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Hepatitis B virus infection is considered a serious health problem in developing countries since it causes chronic liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and hepatic failure. The risk of acquiring HBV is four times higher in HCWs compared to non-HCWs. Medical students are also considered a high-risk group for HBV infection for their exposure to body fluids and blood during medical training in health facilities. The purpose of this study is to evaluate HBV vaccination coverage and associated factors among medical students in Bosaso universities, Somalia. Methodology: An institutional-based cross-sectional study has been conducted in four universities. The online raosoft sample size calculator has been used to calculate the sample size. A stratified sampling method is employed to draw participants from the four universities. In each university, the research participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Self-administered questionnaires have been distributed among 247 medical students. Data were analyzed by using the SPSS version 21, and findings were presented in tables, and proportions. Results Only 2.8% were fully vaccinated, while 5.3% have ever started taking the HBV doses. The main reasons for not getting vaccinated against Hep B included unavailability of the vaccines (32.8%), high vaccine cost (26.7%), fear of vaccine side effects (12.6%), lack of trust in vaccine quality (8.5%,), lack of awareness of the vaccine whereabouts (5.7%), and lack of time (2.8%). Occupation, monthly income, marital status, and availability of testing policy in the workplace were associated with HBV vaccine uptake with a correlation coefficient of 0.3, 0.2, 0.13, and 0.2, respectively (P-value < 0.05). 73.7% of the respondents scored higher than the average knowledge score regarding knowledge of HBV. Conclusion The vaccination coverage among medical students in Bosaso was very low (2.8%) and sheds light on the urgent importance of a National HBV infection elimination policy to be developed with Hep B vaccines being available and easily accessible to those at high risk including medical students. Expansion of the sample size to include multiple cities for increased representativeness plus Hepatitis B titer tests is recommended.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Hepatitis B vaccination coverage and associated factors among medical students: A Cross-Sectional Study in Bosaso, Somalia 2021

Ali

Hussein

Elmi

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Despite the high HBV infection rates among medical students (up to 31.5%) in Africa [ 23 ], the effectiveness of HBV vaccination, and the WHO recommendation to immunize people at highest risk [ 24 ], only 2.8% of the respondents were fully vaccinated against HBV (Table 4 ). This rate is lower than those reported in Ethiopia (5.8%), Nigeria (34.8%), Cameron (18%), Kenya (20.2%), Uganda (44.3%), the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (43.2%) and India [ 2 , 25 – 30 ]. However, another previous study reported low HBV immunization coverage among medical university students [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Hepatitis B vaccination coverage and associated factors among medical students: a cross-sectional study in Bosaso, Somalia, 2021

Ali¹,

Hussein

Elmi

et al. 2023

BMC Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a leading cause of liver cancer and remains a global public health concern. The risk of acquiring HBV is higher in HCWs than in non-HCWs. Medical students are considered a high-risk group because similar to HCWs, they tend to be exposed to body fluids and blood during training in clinical settings. New infections can be effectively prevented and eliminated with an increased coverage of HBV vaccination. The purpose of this study was to evaluate HBV immunization coverage and associated factors among medical students attending universities in Bosaso, Somalia. Methodology An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted. A stratified sampling method was employed to draw a sample from four universities in Bosaso. From each university, participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed among 247 medical students. The data were analysed with SPSS version 21, and the findings are presented in tables and proportions. The chi-square test was used to measure statistical associations. Results Although 73.7% of the respondents had an above-average knowledge level of HBV and 95.9% knew that HBV can be prevented by vaccination, only 2.8% were fully immunized, while 5.3% were partially immunized. The students reported six main reasons for not being vaccinated: unavailability of the vaccine (32.8%), high vaccine cost (26.7%), fear of vaccine side effects (12.6%), lack of trust in vaccine quality (8.5%), lack of awareness about where to get vaccinated (5.7%), and lack of time (2.8%). Occupation and the availability of HBV vaccination in the workplace were associated with HBV vaccine uptake (p values of 0.005 and 0.047, respectively). Conclusion HBV immunization coverage among medical students was extremely low (2.8%), indicating the urgent need for increased vaccination coverage in this population. This should start with evidence-based advocacy for the development of a clear national HBV elimination policy, followed by implementing effective, large-scale immunization strategies and interventions. Future studies should expand the sample size to include multiple cities for increased representativeness and conduct HBV titre tests among participants.

show abstract

“… 10 As mentioned earlier, the prevalence of HB is increasing over the world, therefore, prevention is seen as one of the best ways to protect people's health. 9 , 13 There is no exception to public participation in reducing disease burden in this context, and evidence suggests that the public's health‐related behavior is determined by their knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP). 3 KAP studies are widely regarded as an important component of public health because they represent a specific population's health‐seeking behaviors based on what the participants know, believe, and practice about a specific disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, Bangladesh has an intermediate chronic HB prevalence estimated at 2%–6% although epidemiology may vary between geographic regions and sociodemographic factors 10 . As mentioned earlier, the prevalence of HB is increasing over the world, therefore, prevention is seen as one of the best ways to protect people's health 9,13 . There is no exception to public participation in reducing disease burden in this context, and evidence suggests that the public's health‐related behavior is determined by their knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive factors of vaccination status, knowledge, attitudes, and practice towards prevention of hepatitis B infection among Bangladeshi people: A cross‐sectional study

Hosen

Moonajilin

Hussain

2022

Health Science Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Aims Infection with the hepatitis B virus is a serious public health problem that is growing all over the world. Therefore, in this context, there is no exception to public participation in disease burden reduction. Consequently, for the first time in Bangladesh, the current study aims to assess the level of vaccination status, knowledge, attitude, and practice of hepatitis B infection among general people. Methods A cross‐sectional study was carried out between December 15, 2021, and January 17, 2022, including sociodemographic information as well as questions about vaccination status and knowledge, attitude, and practice related to hepatitis B. Data were analyzed using descriptive (frequency) and inferential statistics (Mann–Whitney U , Kruskal–Wallis H , χ 2 , binary logistic regression, and spearman's rho correlation coefficient). Results Results indicated that about one‐third (37.9%) of the 807 participants had received hepatitis B vaccine, with an overall mean score of 11.506 ± 5.403 for knowledge, 5.435 ± 1.038 and 4.252 ± 1.776 for attitude and practice, respectively. Risk factors related to vaccination were age, religion, educational qualification, occupation, residence area, marital status, comorbidity, and family member suffering from hepatitis B. Higher level of knowledge was significantly found among the young people aged between 10 and 29; had higher secondary or tertiary education (median = 13); were employed (median = 13.5, interquartile range [IQR] = 8); living in divisional city (median = 13, IQR = 7); were single (media = 13, IQR = 7); and whose family members were suffering from hepatitis B. Besides, poor practice was observed among those aged between 50 and higher ( p = 0.004), had no formal education [ p < 0.001), a retired or housewife ( p < 0.001), divorced or widowed ( p < 0.001), absence of comorbidity ( p = 0.02), and whose family members were not infected with hepatitis B ( p < 0.001). Conclusions The results exposed that vaccination rates and preventative behavior are unsatisfactory, which will hinder efforts to eradicate hepatitis B worldwide by the year 2030.

show abstract

Hepatitis B vaccination status and associated factors among students of medicine and health sciences in Wolkite University, Southwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

Cited by 20 publications

References 19 publications

Hepatitis B vaccination coverage and associated factors among medical students: A Cross-Sectional Study in Bosaso, Somalia 2021

Hepatitis B vaccination coverage and associated factors among medical students: A Cross-Sectional Study in Bosaso, Somalia 2021

Hepatitis B vaccination coverage and associated factors among medical students: a cross-sectional study in Bosaso, Somalia, 2021

Predictive factors of vaccination status, knowledge, attitudes, and practice towards prevention of hepatitis B infection among Bangladeshi people: A cross‐sectional study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About