Hepatitis B vaccination status and associated factors among undergraduate students of Makerere University College of Health Sciences

Wibabara, Yvette; Banura, Cecily; Kalyango, Joan N.; Karamagi, Charles; Kityamuwesi, Alex; Amia, Winfred C.; Ocama, Ponsiano

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0214732

Cited by 39 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The rate for full vaccination among our respondents was lower than the rate reported among HCSs in Greece [30] but higher than that found in a study among medical students in Cameroon which showed a complete vaccination rate of 16.8% [31]. Non-vaccination in our study was reported by 14.3% of respondents which was lower than the 33.2% found among students in Uganda [36]. The existence of a vaccination program which encourages the uptake of the vaccine at KMTC could explain the lower non-vaccination rates.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

“…The respondents' year of study and duration at KMTC were significantly associated with vaccine uptake. These findings are similar to those found among university students in Malaysia and Uganda [36,37]. This is probably associated with the increased awareness of HBV by senior students as more coursework has been covered, as well as being in the college for a longer time, which would offer more opportunities for vaccination.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

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Factors affecting HBV vaccination in a Medical training College in Kenya: A mixed methods Study

Maina

Bii

2020

BMC Public Health

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Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is highly endemic in Sub-Saharan Africa with 70 to 90% of the population becoming infected before the age of 40 years. Healthcare workers (HCWs) including healthcare students (HCSs) are at an increased risk of contracting HBV due to occupational exposure. HCSs are especially at a high risk because of their inexperience with infection control procedures and insufficient knowledge about the level of risk when dealing with patients. Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, and its recommendation by Kenya's Ministry of Health, few HCW and students are vaccinated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of awareness, attitude, practices, and access factors on hepatitis B vaccination uptake by HCSs at Kenya Medical Training College (KMTC). Methods: This was a concurrent mixed methods study. For the quantitative arm, a structured questionnaire was used to assess the awareness, knowledge, attitudes and practices towards HBV disease and vaccination. Accessibility of the HBV vaccine in the participating campuses was also assessed. Two FGDs were carried out: one comprised of student representatives of the participating campuses while the second comprised of members of staff. Quantitative data was analysed using STATA (version 15) while NVIVO (version 11) was used for qualitative data. Results: Out of 634 students invited to participate in the study, 487 participated (response rate 76.8%). Majority of the respondents were from Nairobi Campus (44.2%) and from the Department of Nursing (31.2%). HBV vaccine uptake rate was 85.8% while the non-vaccination rate was 14.3%. Full vaccination was reported by only 20.2% of respondents. The major reason for not receiving the recommended doses was the unavailability of the vaccine when students went for it. The qualitative study revealed challenges in the implementation of the vaccination program at KMTC. Conclusions: Full vaccination rates remained low despite good knowledge of HBV infection and positive attitude towards vaccination. There is therefore need to streamline vaccination programs in medical colleges to ensure availability and accessibility of the vaccine to healthcare students.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Factors affecting HBV vaccination in a Medical training College in Kenya: A mixed methods Study

Maina

Bii

2020

BMC Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The rate for full vaccination among our respondents was lower than the rate reported among HCSs in Greece (31) but higher than that found in a study among medical students in Cameroon which showed a complete vaccination rate of 16.8% (32). Non-vaccination in our study was reported by 14.3% of respondents which was lower than the 33.2% found among students in Uganda (37). The existence of a vaccination program which encourages the uptake of the vaccine at KMTC could explain the lower non-vaccination rates.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

“…The respondents' year of study and duration at KMTC were significantly associated with vaccine uptake. These findings are similar to those found among university students in Malaysia and Uganda (37,39). This is probably associated with the increased awareness of HBV by senior students as more coursework has been covered, as well as being in the college for a longer time, which would offer more opportunities for vaccination.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Factors Affecting HBV Vaccination in a Medical Training College in Kenya: A Mixed Methods Study

Maina

Bii

2019

Preprint

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Background : Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is highly endemic in Sub-Saharan Africa with 70 to 90% of the population becoming infected before the age of 40 years. Healthcare workers (HCWs) including healthcare students (HCSs) are at an increased risk of contracting HBV due to occupational exposure. HCSs are especially at a high risk because of their inexperience with infection control procedures and insufficient knowledge about the level of risk when dealing with patients. Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, and its recommendation by Kenya’s Ministry of Health, few HCW and students are vaccinated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of awareness, attitude, practices, and access factors on hepatitis B vaccination uptake by HCSs at Kenya Medical Training College (KMTC). Methods : This was a concurrent mixed methods study. For the quantitative arm, a structured questionnaire was used to assess the awareness, knowledge, attitudes and practices towards HBV disease and vaccination. Accessibility of the HBV vaccine in the participating campuses was also assessed. Two FGDs were carried out: one comprised of student representatives of the participating campuses while the second comprised of members of staff. Quantitative data was analysed using STATA (version 15) while NVIVO (version 11) was used for qualitative data. Results: Out of 634 students invited to participate in the study, 487 participated (response rate 76.8%). Majority of the respondents were from Nairobi Campus (44.2%) and from the Department of Nursing (31.2%). HBV vaccine uptake rate was 85.8% while the non-vaccination rate was 14.3%. Full vaccination was reported by only 20.2% of respondents. The major reason for not receiving the recommended doses was the unavailability of the vaccine when students went for it. The qualitative study revealed challenges in the implementation of the vaccination program at KMTC. Conclusions Full vaccination rates remained low despite good knowledge of HBV infection and positive attitude towards vaccination. There is therefore need to streamline vaccination programs in medical colleges to ensure availability and accessibility of the vaccine to healthcare students. Key words: HBV vaccination, Vaccine Uptake, Health Care Students, Kenya

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“…This study showed that young psychoactive substance users with a higher level of income were more likely to screen for hepatitis B compared to those who had a lower level of income. This could be attributed to the high cost of accessing hepatitis B prevention services (43). In some situations, health facilities providing these services are located further away from informal settlements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with Hepatitis B screening and completion of vaccination schedule among young psychoactive substance users in Kampala's informal settlements, Uganda

Ssekamatte

Isunju

Nankya-Mutyoba

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Young psychoactive substance users exhibit high-risk behaviours which can increase their risk to Hepatitis B infection. However, there is limited information on screening, and completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule among young psychoactive substance users in informal settlements. Therefore, this study determined the factors associated with Hepatitis B screening, and completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule among young psychoactive substance users in Kampala’s informal settlements, Uganda. Methods A cross-sectional study design was used. Respondent driven sampling was used to enroll 768 respondents from 12 informal settlements. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed using Stata version 14. A “modified” Poisson regression analysis was done to determine the factors associated with Hepatitis B screening while logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule. Results Out of the 768 respondents, only 13.3% had ever screened for Hepatitis B and 2.7% had completed the Hepatitis B vaccine schedule. Being a female (aPR 1.61, 95% CI: 1.11-2.33), earning a monthly income >USD 136 (aPR 1.78, 95% CI: 1.11-2.86); completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule (aPR 1.85, 95% CI: 1.26-2.70); lack of awareness about the recommended Hepatitis B vaccine dose (aPR 0.43, 95% CI: 0.27-0.68); and the belief that the Hepatitis B vaccine is effective in preventing Hepatitis B infection (aPR 3.67, 95% CI: 2.34-5.73) were associated with “ever screening” for Hepatitis B. Knowledge about the recommended Hepatitis B vaccine dose (aOR 0.06, 95% CI: 0.01-0.35); “ever screening” for hepatitis B (aOR 9.68, 95% CI: 2.17-43.16) and the belief that the hepatitis B vaccine is effective in preventing Hepatitis B infection (aOR 11.8, 95% CI: 1.13-110.14) were associated with completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule. Conclusion Our findings indicate a low prevalence of Hepatitis B screening and completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule among young psychoactive substance users in informal urban settings. It is evident that lack of awareness about Hepatitis B is associated with the low screening and vaccination rates. We recommend mass sensitisation of young psychoactive substance users in urban informal settlements on Hepatitis B.

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Hepatitis B vaccination status and associated factors among undergraduate students of Makerere University College of Health Sciences

Cited by 39 publications

References 5 publications

Factors affecting HBV vaccination in a Medical training College in Kenya: A mixed methods Study

Factors affecting HBV vaccination in a Medical training College in Kenya: A mixed methods Study

Factors Affecting HBV Vaccination in a Medical Training College in Kenya: A Mixed Methods Study

Factors associated with Hepatitis B screening and completion of vaccination schedule among young psychoactive substance users in Kampala's informal settlements, Uganda

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