Hepatitis B virus burden in developing countries

Zampino, Rosa

doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i42.11941

Cited by 267 publications

(229 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…This finding is in concordance with other studies conducted in SSA [19]. HIV/HBV coinfection patterns vary geographically from 2.1% up to 10.7% across the 30 districts of Rwanda.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection in persons living with HIV enrolled in care in Rwanda

Umutesi

Simmons²,

Makuza

et al. 2017

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundHepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) are important causes of morbidity and mortality in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The burden of these co-infections in sub-Saharan Africa is still unclear. We estimated the prevalence of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis C antibody (HCVAb) among HIV-infected individuals in Rwanda and identified factors associated with infection.MethodsBetween January 2016 and June 2016, we performed systematic screening for HBsAg and HCVAb among HIV-positive individuals enrolled at public and private HIV facilities across Rwanda. Results were analyzed to determine marker prevalence and variability by demographic factors.ResultsOverall, among 117,258 individuals tested, the prevalence of HBsAg and HCVAb was 4.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] (4.2–4.4) and 4.6% (95% CI 4.5–4.7) respectively; 182 (0.2%) HIV+ individuals were co-infected with HBsAg and HCVAb. Prevalence was higher in males (HBsAg, 5.4% [5.1–5.6] vs. 3.7% [3.5–3.8]; HCVAb, 5.0% [4.8–5.2] vs. 4.4% [4.3–4.6]) and increased with age; HCVAb prevalence was significantly higher in people aged ≥65 years (17.8% [16.4–19.2]). Prevalence varied geographically.ConclusionHBV and HCV co-infections are common among HIV-infected individuals in Rwanda. It is important that viral hepatitis prevention and treatment activities are scaled-up to control further transmission and reduce the burden in this population. Particular efforts should be made to conduct targeted screening of males and the older population. Further assessment is required to determine rates of HBV and HCV chronicity among HIV-infected individuals and identify effective strategies to link individuals to care and treatment.

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“…This finding is in concordance with other studies conducted in SSA [19]. HIV/HBV coinfection patterns vary geographically from 2.1% up to 10.7% across the 30 districts of Rwanda.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection in persons living with HIV enrolled in care in Rwanda

Umutesi

Simmons²,

Makuza

et al. 2017

BMC Infect Dis

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“…Anti-hepatitis B core (Anti-HBc) IgM antibodies are early biomarkers in acute HBV infection, produced in response to the core HBV antigen and persist for life, suggesting a past horizontal transmission in childhood and adulthood. 21 Detection of HBV DNA could be useful in establishing HBV infection, but the technique is obviously expensive and less appropriate in resource-limited settings. Therefore, confounding factors contributing to a low HBV prevalence cannot be ruled out in our findings.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus seroprevalence among Malawian medical students: A cross-sectional study

Chipetah¹,

Chirambo²,

Billiat³

et al. 2017

Mal. Med. J

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“…The more rare genotype I can be found in Laos, Vietnam, India and China, and genotype J has been observed in Japan and Ryukyu (table 1). 3 …”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B: changing epidemiology and interventions

Nannini

Sokal

2016

Arch Dis Child

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Hepatitis B virus infection is still a major public health problem worldwide, since more than 350 million people have chronic, lifelong infection and nearly 1 million deaths occur each year owing to complications. Most infections are acquired at birth or during early childhood. Nowadays, low- and middle-income countries bear the majority of the burden of hepatitis B-related liver cancer deaths despite the availability of an effective vaccine and antiviral treatments. In this review the epidemiology, strategies of prevention and the recent advances in therapy, genotype diversity and resistance are discussed.

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Hepatitis B virus burden in developing countries

Cited by 267 publications

References 150 publications

Prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection in persons living with HIV enrolled in care in Rwanda

Prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection in persons living with HIV enrolled in care in Rwanda

Hepatitis B virus seroprevalence among Malawian medical students: A cross-sectional study

Hepatitis B: changing epidemiology and interventions

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