Hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma

Giacomin, A.; Cazzagon, Nora; Sérgio, A.; Vanin, V.; Farinati, Fabio

doi:10.1097/cej.0b013e328346399b

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…There are different methods for HCC primary prevention. Routine HBV immunization to all newborns (within 24 h) and high-risk groups is recommended by WHO [99]. This universal vaccination along with other behavioral pattern changes that decrease the risk of infection are very important primary prevention together with implementation of surveillance programs.…”

Section: Prevention Of Hccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in Egypt: A comprehensive overview

Rashed

Kandeil

Mahmoud

et al. 2020

J Egypt Natl Canc Inst

208

163

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Background: Worldwide, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a universal problem and its epidemiological data showed variation from place to place. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth and fourth common cancer in worldwide and Egypt, respectively. Egypt ranks the third and 15 th most populous country in Africa and worldwide, respectively. The aim of this review is to compare the status of HCC in Egypt to that in the worldwide from different issues; risk factors, screening and surveillance, diagnosis and treatment, prevention, as well as research strategy. Main body: The risk factors for HCC in Egypt are of great importance to be reported. The risk factor for HCC are either environmental-or host/genetic-related risk factors. In the last years, there is a tangible improvement of both screening and surveillance strategies of HCC in Egypt. The unprecedented national screening campaign launched by the end of 2018 is a mirror image of this improvement. While the improvement of the HCC prevention requires the governmental health administration to implement health policies. Although the diagnosis of Egyptian HCC patients follows the international guidelines but HCC treatment options are limited in terms of cost. In addition, there are limited Egyptian reports about HCC survival and relapse. Both basic and clinical HCC research in Egypt are still limited compared to worldwide. Short conclusion: Deep analysis and understanding of factors affecting HCC burden variation worldwide help in customization of efforts exerted to face HCC in different countries especially large country like Egypt. Overall, the presence of a research strategy to fight HCC in Egyptian patients will help in the optimum allocation of available resources to reduce the numbers of HCC cases and deaths and to improve the quality of life.

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Section: Prevention Of Hccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in Egypt: A comprehensive overview

Rashed

Kandeil

Mahmoud

et al. 2020

J Egypt Natl Canc Inst

208

163

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“…Understanding risk factors of HCC supports the rationale for designing of prevention strategies, which aids in avoiding infection, chronic liver damage, and carcinogenesis process as well as early diagnosis of the disease and reduces the risk of recurrence. 54 , 55…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HBV is attributable to more than 50% of the cases of HCC globally, it accounts for 15% of HCC in developed countries and 80%–90% of HCC in developing countries such as Asia and Africa. 54 , 55 World Health Organization (WHO) introduced universal vaccination to all newborns and high-risk groups as routine immunization. 54 , 56 Most of the studies showed that hepatitis B core antibody, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers, HCC incidence, and HCC-related mortality were decreased following initiation of universal vaccination ( Table 6 ).…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 54 , 55 World Health Organization (WHO) introduced universal vaccination to all newborns and high-risk groups as routine immunization. 54 , 56 Most of the studies showed that hepatitis B core antibody, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers, HCC incidence, and HCC-related mortality were decreased following initiation of universal vaccination ( Table 6 ). 57 – 61 Therapies stratified according to stage along with the treatment strategies and rational of HCC were summarized ( Table 7 ).…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and novel therapeutics in hepatocellular carcinoma: a review

Ingle¹,

Samsudin²,

Chan³

et al. 2016

TCRM

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This review summarizes the epidemiological trend, risk factors, prevention strategies such as vaccination, staging, current novel therapeutics, including the drugs under clinical trials, and future therapeutic trends for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). As HCC is the third most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide, its overall incidence remains alarmingly high in the developing world and is steadily rising across most of the developed and developing world. Over the past 15 years, the incidence of HCC has more than doubled and it increases with advancing age. Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus is the leading cause of HCC, closely followed by infection with hepatitis C virus. Other factors contributing to the development of HCC include alcohol abuse, tobacco smoking, and metabolic syndrome (including obesity, diabetes, and fatty liver disease). Treatment options have improved in the past few years, particularly with the approval of several molecular-targeted therapies. The researchers are actively pursuing novel therapeutic targets as well as predictive biomarker for treatment of HCC. Advances are being made in understanding the mechanisms underlying HCC, which in turn could lead to novel therapeutics. Nevertheless, there are many emerging agents still under clinical trials and yet to show promising results. Hence, future therapeutic options may include different combination of novel therapeutic interventions.

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“…Further strengthening the evidence in favor of this correlation are the fact that integrated HBV-DNA has been found within neoplastic HCC cells, the recognition that HBV vaccination has been followed by a decrease in HCC incidence, and the observation of an elevated risk of HCC development in animal models of CHB [52] . Preventing disease progression and HCC development in HBV-infected patients is mandatory [53] . As already mentioned, the current therapeutic options for patients with CHB infection may be summarized into treatment with standard or PEG-IFN, a drug with antiviral, immunomodulatory and perhaps antitumoral activities, as well as treatment with oral NUC [1] .…”

Section: Antiviral Therapy and The Risk Of Hccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of antiviral therapy in the natural history of hepatitis B virus-related chronic liver disease

Russo

Rodríguez–Castro

Scribano

et al. 2015

WJH

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interactions among HBV, hepatocytes, and the host immune system. Natural history studies of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection have shown an association between active viral replication and adverse clinical outcomes such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The goal of therapy for CHB is to improve quality of life and survival by preventing progression of the disease to cirrhosis, decompensation, end-stage liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and death. This goal can be achieved if HBV replication is suppressed in a sustained manner. The accompanying reduction in histological activity of CHB lessens the risk of cirrhosis and of HCC, particularly in non-cirrhotic patients. However, CHB infection cannot be completely eradicated, due to the persistence of covalently closed circular DNA in the nucleus of infected hepatocytes, which may explain HBV reactivation. Moreover, the integration of the HBV genome into the host genome may favour oncogenesis, development of HCC and may also contribute to HBV reactivation. Core tip: The goal of therapy for chronic hepatitis B is to improve quality of life and survival by preventing progression of the disease to cirrhosis, decompensation, end-stage liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma and death. Current therapeutic options do not eradicate hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, since HBV remains either integrated in the host genome or in the nuclei of hepatocytes as covalently closed circular DNA, a fact that may favour oncogenesis towards the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, and explains HBV reactivation. It is mandatory for clinicians to start viral suppression in patients with active chronic liver disease, particularly in

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Hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma

Cited by 10 publications

References 70 publications

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in Egypt: A comprehensive overview

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in Egypt: A comprehensive overview

Development and novel therapeutics in hepatocellular carcinoma: a review

Role of antiviral therapy in the natural history of hepatitis B virus-related chronic liver disease

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