Hepatitis B Virus with X Gene Mutation Is Associated with the Majority of Serologically “Silent” Non‐B, Non‐C Chronic Hepatitis

Fukuda, Ryo; Ishimura, Norihisa; Kushiyama, Yoshinori; Moriyama, Nobuyuki; Ishihara, Shunji; Chowdhury, A. K.; Tokuda, Alejandro; Sakai, Shino; Akagi, Shuji; Watanabe, Makoto; Fukumoto, Shiro

doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1996.tb01098.x

Cited by 56 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In a study on hemodialysis patients in Canada, Minuk 12 found occult infection in 3.8% (9239) of the patients; of these, 4 were positive for anti-HBs alone, 1 was positive for total anti-HBc + anti-HBS, and 3 did not present any serological marker. Occult infection is more common in patients with HBV seropositivity 12,29 ; therefore, it is also described in those who are seronegative for HBV 12,30 . The number of patients with occult HBV infection in a given study may be influenced by the sensitivity of the molecular biological technique used, the presence of low viral loads, and the size of the population sample studied 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occult hepatitis B virus infection in hemodialysis patients in Recife, State of Pernambuco, Brazil

Albuquerque

Coêlho

Lemos

et al. 2012

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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INTRODUCTION: Persistence of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome in individuals negative for the HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) reflects occult infection. The aim of this study was to identify occult HBV infection among hemodialysis patients at 5 clinics in Recife, State of Pernambuco, Brazil, between August 2006 and August 2007. METHODS: Serum samples underwent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to investigate total antibodies against HBcAg (anti-HBc), HBsAg, and antibodies against HBsAg (anti-HBs). Samples that were HBsAg-negative were tested for total anti-HBc, and those that were positive for total anti-HBc were tested for anti-HBs. HBV DNA was investigated with an in-house PCR technique to identify samples positive for total anti-HBc. Subsequently, the samples positive for HBV DNA were sequenced to identify the genotype and mutations. RESULTS: The study population (n = 752) had a mean age of 50 15.1 years and included both sexes. All samples analyzed were negative for HBsAg. The seroprevalence of total anti-HBc was 26.7% (201/752), while that of anti-HBs was 67.2% (135/201). Total anti-HBc alone was detected in 5.7% of the patients. Occult infection was found in 1.5%, comprising genotypes A (33.3%, 1/3) and D (66.7%, 2/3). No mutations were found. CONCLUSIONS: The study detected occult hepatitis B virus infection in hemodialysis patients. Molecular studies on HBV are of fundamental importance because they identify patients that had been considered virus-negative but who, in reality, host the virus and have the ability to transmit it to other patients and staff.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occult hepatitis B virus infection in hemodialysis patients in Recife, State of Pernambuco, Brazil

Albuquerque

Coêlho

Lemos

et al. 2012

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…Fukuda et al [104] did not find significant differences among the distal and proximal part of X regions in different groups of HBV-infected patients with different clinicopathologic patterns.…”

Section: Mutations In X Genementioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B Virus Mutants

Brunetto¹,

Rodriguez²,

Bonino³

1999

Intervirology

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During hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, selection and takeover of mutant viruses are frequent events driven by both humoral and cellular host-immune response and antiviral therapy. Therefore, dynamic studies of the variations of viral mutants over time within the overall viral population in relation with the host-virus interactions are extremely important to better understand the biological and pathogenic role of each mutant. With these premises, we review the more frequent mutations detected in each of the 4 open reading frames of HBV. A detailed analysis of the pathobiologic implications of pre-C region mutations which suppress the expression of the hepatitis B ‘e’ antigen, will be presented, as these mutations induce a specific change in virus biology and the variations of the ratio between wild-type and mutant correlate with significant events in host-virus interactions.

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“…On the other hand, previous studies from HBV-endemic areas suggested that prior HBV infection, evidenced by isolated IgG anti-HBc positivity was the most plausible cause of NBNC-NA-NS HCC [9,10]. Although the etiological role of NAFLD in the development of HCC has increased worldwide, this hypothesis has not been tested in HBV-endemic areas where non-B non-C cirrhosis is frequently associated with prior or occult HBV infection and subsequent development of HCC [11,12,13]. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the relative etiological role of prior HBV infection and NAFLD in the development of NBNC-NA-NS HCC during the past 10 years in one of the HBV-endemic areas of Korea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative Etiological Role of Prior Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the Development of Non-B Non-C Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Hepatitis B-Endemic Area

et al. 2011

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Background and Aims: We investigated the relative etiological role of prior hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the development of non-B non-C, non-alcohol or specific cause-related hepatocellular carcinoma (NBNC-NA-NS HCC) in an HBV-endemic area of Korea. Methods: A total of 329 patients with NBNC-NA-NS HCC were enrolled in this study. Prior HBV infection was defined as the presence of isolated IgG hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc), and NAFLD was diagnosed by the findings from the imaging in the absence of a history of excessive alcohol consumption. Results: Prior HBV infection was the most common cause of underlying liver disease (76.6%). Only 8.2% of the patients had NAFLD as the only risk factor and the same proportion of patients had evidence of both prior HBV infection and NAFLD. Patients without definitive causes accounted for 7.0% of the cases. During the past 10 years, the relative proportion of isolated IgG anti-HBc-positive HCC decreased significantly from 86.6% in 2001–2005 to 67.4% in 2006–2010 (p < 0.0001) and that of NAFLD-related HCC increased from 3.8% to 12.2% in the same period, respectively (p = 0.008). The mean age of NAFLD-related HCC patients (67.3 years) was significantly older than that of HCC patients related to prior HBV infection (61.2 years, p < 0.001). Conclusions: NAFLD-related HCC increased significantly while HCC related to prior HBV infection decreased during the past 10 years in an HBV-endemic area of Korea; however, the relative etiological role of prior HBV infection was still greater than that of NAFLD in the development of NBNC-NA-NS HCC.

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Hepatitis B Virus with X Gene Mutation Is Associated with the Majority of Serologically “Silent” Non‐B, Non‐C Chronic Hepatitis

Cited by 56 publications

References 38 publications

Occult hepatitis B virus infection in hemodialysis patients in Recife, State of Pernambuco, Brazil

Occult hepatitis B virus infection in hemodialysis patients in Recife, State of Pernambuco, Brazil

Hepatitis B Virus Mutants

Relative Etiological Role of Prior Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the Development of Non-B Non-C Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Hepatitis B-Endemic Area

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