Hepatitis C in Sickle Cell Anemia

DeVault, Kenneth R.; Westerberg, S.; Martin, Paul; Hosein, Barbara; Ballas, Samir K.

doi:10.1097/00004836-199404000-00006

Cited by 42 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…In the present study the larger number of units transfused implied a greater risk for HCV infection, data similar to those reported by other investigators for patients with sickle-cell anemia (5)(6)(7)(8).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The wide variation (2 to 30%) (5-11) in the prevalence of anti-HCV among patients with sickle-cell anemia can be explained as a function of the various risk factors to which the patients in the different studies were exposed, such as amount of blood components transfused (7,8) and geographic distribution of the C virus (27). In the present study the larger number of units transfused implied a greater risk for HCV infection, data similar to those reported by other investigators for patients with sickle-cell anemia (5)(6)(7)(8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis C virus infection in a Brazilian population with sickle-cell anemia

Torres

Pereira

Ximenes

et al. 2003

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Patients with sickle-cell anemia submitted to frequent blood transfusions are at risk of contamination with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Determination of HCV RNA and genotype characterization are parameters that are relevant for the treatment of the viral infection. The objective of the present study was to determine the frequency of HCV infection and the positivity for HCV RNA and to identify the HCV genotype in patients with sickle-cell anemia with a history of blood transfusion who had been treated at the Hospital of the HEMOPE Foundation. Sera from 291 patients were tested for anti-HCV antibodies by ELISA 3.0 and RIBA 3.0 Chiron and for the presence of HCV RNA by RT-PCR. HCV genotyping was performed in 19 serum samples. Forty-one of 291 patients (14.1%) were anti-HCV positive by ELISA and RIBA. Both univariate and multivariate analysis showed a greater risk of anti-HCV positivity in those who had started a transfusion regime before 1992 and received more than 10 units of blood. Thirty-four of the anti-HCV-positive patients (34/41, 82.9%) were also HCV RNA positive. Univariate analysis, used to compare HCV RNA-negative and -positive patients, did not indicate a higher risk of HCV RNA positivity for any of the variables evaluated. The genotypes identified were 1b (63%), 1a (21%) and 3a (16%). A high prevalence of HCV infection was observed in our patients with sicklecell anemia (14.1%) compared to the population in general (3%). In the literature, the frequency of HCV infection in sickle-cell anemia ranges from 2 to 30%. The serological screening for anti-HCV at blood banks after 1992 has contributed to a better control of the dissemination of HCV infection. Because of the predominance of genotype 1, these patients belong to a group requiring special treatment, with a probable indication of new therapeutic options against HCV.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus infection in a Brazilian population with sickle-cell anemia

Torres

Pereira

Ximenes

et al. 2003

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…Hasan et al [16] reported an overall prevalence of 10.1% in adult patients with sickle cell disease in New York. De Vault et al [17] in Philadelphia, reported prevalence of 20.7% in adults, with HCV infection commoner in SCA patients with multiple transfusions. Torres et al [18] in Brazil found a prevalence of 14.1% in patients with SCA compared to 3% in the general population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Adewuyi [14] in Ilorin studying a group of adult and children found an overall prevalence of 5% in blood donors and SCA patients with multiple transfusions in 1996 and concluded that there was no significant difference between transfused and non transfused patients. Some of these studies suggested that the prevalence of HCV was directly related to the frequency of exposure to blood and blood products transfusion, [16,17] while others [12,14] suggested otherwise. Most of these studies were done in a mixed population of adults and children having sickle cell disease and none done specifically in children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus antibodies among transfused children with sickle cell anaemia at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital

Onuchukwu¹,

Ojuawo²,

Ernest³

2013

OJPed

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Background: Hepatitis C is an infectious disease of the liver caused by the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) resulting to a chronic Hepatitis. Chronic HCV infection constitutes a serious health challenge in places where prevalence is substantial. In Nigeria, there is a high risk because donor blood is not routinely screened for HCV. Patients with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) are considered a subset of the population at higher risk of acquiring the virus, due to their frequent needs for transfusion of blood and its products. However, the magnitude of HCV infection has not been adequately measured in our general population and specific data on HCV in SCA patients are scanty, hence a prospective case controlled study to determine the prevalence of HCV antibodies in transfused SCA patients attending the sickle cell anaemia clinic in the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin was taken. Objective: To determine the prevalence of Hepatitis C virus antibodies among transfused children with SCA in Ilorin. Subjects and Method: Eighty two transfused SCA children aged 6 months to 14 years were recruited consecutively from February 2008 to January 2009 while eighty four non transfused SCA children of the same age range recruited over the same period served as controls. Hepatitis C virus antibody screening was done using a second generation ELISA method. Results: The overall prevalence of HCV antibody was 3.0%, while it was 3.7% and 2.4% in the transfused and non transfused SCA patients respectively (χ 2 = 0.23, p = 0.68). The patients were also comparable across the social class when subcategorized into high and low social class (χ 2 = 0.37, p = 1.00 (subjects), χ 2 = 0.42, p = 1.00 (controls). Conclusion: The prevalence of Hepatitis C virus antibodies in transfused SCA patients is low. The difference in prevalence between transfused and nontransfused SCA patient was not statistically significant. This was cautiously interpreted due to the hospital based premise of the work. Therefore, Hepatitis C virus antibody acquisition might be from sources other than transfusion of unscreened blood.

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“…Recent studies of SCA patients show that the prevalence of anti-HCV varied (4.5 to 21%) (2,(11)(12)(13), which suggests that the geographical area may affect the potential risk of HCV in patients (17)(18)(19). Moreover, one of the most common causes of HCV transmission by transfusion is the occurrence of new infections in blood donors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B and C Infections and Different Genotypes of HCV Among Sickle Cell Anemia Patients in Ahvaz, South-Western Iran

Ghafourian-Boroujerdnia

Assarehzadegan

Zandian

2013

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background:Although it is life-saving, blood transfusion therapy has resulted in risk for transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) in the majority of sickle cell anemia being patients. Objectives: The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of HBV, HCV and different genotypes of HCV among sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients in Ahvaz city, South-western Iran. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 56 SCA patients who referred to the Hemoglobinopathy and Thalassemia research centre during January 2009 to February 2010. Patients` sera were tested for HBsAg and anti-HCV using ELISA and confirmed by PCR (HBV) and RT-PCR (HCV). HCV genotypes were determined with HCV genotype specific primers using HCV genotyping kit. Results:The overall prevalence rate of HBsAg and anti-HCV were 1.8% (95% CI: 0-5.26) and 12.5% (95% CI: 3.8 -21.1), respectively. Five of the anti-HCV patients (71.4%) were also HCV RNA positive. The predominant HCV genotype in the patients was 1a (60%), though genotype 1b was found in 40% of the subjects. Conclusions: It seems that stringent donor selection procedures reduce HCV infection in multi-transfused patients, but there is still serious risk for these patients.

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Hepatitis C in Sickle Cell Anemia

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

Hepatitis C virus infection in a Brazilian population with sickle-cell anemia

Hepatitis C virus infection in a Brazilian population with sickle-cell anemia

Hepatitis C virus antibodies among transfused children with sickle cell anaemia at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital

Hepatitis B and C Infections and Different Genotypes of HCV Among Sickle Cell Anemia Patients in Ahvaz, South-Western Iran

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