Hepatitis C infection and psychiatric burden in two imprisoned cohorts: Young offenders and opioid-maintained prisoners

Silbernagl, Marisa; Slamanig, Rudolf; Fischer, Gabriele; Brandt, Laura

doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2018.10.005

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…In contrast, the highest prevalence of HCV Ab was reported in Silbernagl et al . in the smallest study, with 133 individuals who are incarcerated receiving opioid agonist therapy (OAT) in four different prisons in Austria [ 33 ]. In this study, HCV Ab positivity was related to lifetime IVDU and younger age at first IVDU.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C prevalence in incarcerated settings between 2013–2021: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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Background The introduction of highly effective direct-acting antiviral therapy has changed the hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment paradigm. However, a recent update on HCV epidemiology in incarcerated settings is necessary to accurately determine the extent of the problem, provide information to policymakers and public healthcare, and meet the World Health Organization's goals by 2030. This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to determine the prevalence of HCV Ab and RNA in incarcerated settings. Methods For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science for papers published between January 2013 and August 2021. We included studies with information on the prevalence of HCV Ab or RNA in incarcerated settings. A random-effects meta-analysis was done to calculate the pooled prevalence and meta-regression to explore heterogeneity. Results Ninety-two unique sources reporting data for 36 countries were included. The estimated prevalence of HCV Ab ranged from 0.3% to 74.4%. HCV RNA prevalence (available in 46 sources) ranged from 0% to 56.3%. Genotypes (available in 19 sources) 1(a) and 3 were most frequently reported in incarcerated settings. HCV/HIV coinfection (available in 36 sources) was highest in Italy, Estonia, Pakistan, and Spain. Statistical analysis revealed that almost all observed heterogeneity reflects real differences in prevalence between studies, considering I2 was very high in the meta-analysis. Conclusions HCV in incarcerated settings is still a significant problem with a higher prevalence than in the general population. It is of utmost importance to start screening for HCV (Ab and RNA) in incarcerated settings to give clear, reliable and recent figures to plan further treatment. This is all in the context of meeting the 2030 WHO targets which are only less than a decade away. Trial registration PROSPERO: CRD42020162616

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C prevalence in incarcerated settings between 2013–2021: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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“…The current prevalence of HCV in Austria is estimated at 82,746 (95%-Confidence interval: 67.9-100.4) persons [7]. Numerous HCV microelimination projects that specifically target high-risk populations such as people who inject drugs (PWID), prison inmates, homeless people [8][9][10][11], and men who have sex with men (MSM) [9,12] have been initiated in Austria over the past years [12][13][14][15][16]:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ELIMINATE: a PCR record-based macroelimination project for systematic recall of HCV-RNA-positive persons in Austria

Schwarz,

Bauer,

Dorn

et al. 2023

Wien Klin Wochenschr

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Summary Background and aims Micro-elimination projects targeted to specific hepatitis C virus (HCV) risk populations have been successful. Systematic identification of persons with HCV viremia, regardless of risk group, based on already available laboratory records may represent an effective macroelimination approach to achieve global HCV elimination. Methods Persons with a last positive HCV-RNA PCR result between 2008–2020 in the reference virology laboratories in eastern Austria were identified. First, (i) we described their demographic characteristics, (ii) we systematically recalled persons to the respective centers and (iii) started antiviral treatment if HCV-RNA viremia was confirmed, and (iv) recorded sustained virologic response (SVR). This interim report includes the preliminary results from 8 participating centers. Results During the study period 22,682 persons underwent HCV-RNA PCR testing, 11,216 (49.4%) were positive at any point in time, and 6006 (26.5%) showed detectable HCV-RNA at the last PCR test, suggesting ongoing HCV viremia. At the time of this interim report, 2546/6006 HCV-RNA PCR(+) persons were evaluated: 443/2546 (17.4%) had died, 852/2546 (33.5%) had invalid contact data, and 547/2546 (21.5%) had achieved SVR between data retrieval and recall. Contact could be established in 236/704 (33.5%) of the remaining target population with 97/236 (41.1%) presenting at the clinic for treatment evaluation. Ultimately, 71/236 (30.1%) started antiviral treatment and SVR was documented in 47/71 (66.2%). Conclusion This ELIMINATE project based on systematic assessment of HCV-RNA PCR-records, identified 6006 persons with potential persisting HCV viremia. Invalid contact data and missed visits for treatment evaluation were the main barriers towards HCV elimination within this project. Importantly, many subjects with HCV viremia lost to follow-up were successfully linked to care and started antiviral treatment.

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Comorbidity Patterns Among Patients With Opioid Use Disorder and Problem Gambling: ADHD Status Predicts Class Membership

Silbernagl

Yanagida

Slamanig

et al. 2019

Journal of Dual Diagnosis

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Hepatitis C infection and psychiatric burden in two imprisoned cohorts: Young offenders and opioid-maintained prisoners

Cited by 4 publications

References 85 publications

Hepatitis C prevalence in incarcerated settings between 2013–2021: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Hepatitis C prevalence in incarcerated settings between 2013–2021: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ELIMINATE: a PCR record-based macroelimination project for systematic recall of HCV-RNA-positive persons in Austria

Comorbidity Patterns Among Patients With Opioid Use Disorder and Problem Gambling: ADHD Status Predicts Class Membership

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