Hepatitis C virus genotype 3: clinical features, current and emerging viral inhibitors, future challenges

Shahnazarian,; Ramai, Daryl; Reddy, Madhavi; Mohanty, Suchitra

doi:10.20524/aog.2018.0281

Cited by 25 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Therefore, long term follow-up studies are required for determining hepatic brosis progression rates. A possible explanation for this nding may be that a high percentage of mono-infected individuals in this study were infected with HCV genotype 3a (51%) which is the strain most associated with rapid brosis progression (20)(21)(22). Our study also found higher BMIs and CAP scores in mono-infected individuals than in co-infected individuals, which may re ect a higher degree of liver steatosis leading to aggressive liver brosis progression (23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Differences in clinical features of HIV/HCV co-infected individuals compared with HCV mono-infected individuals in Southern Thailand

Pongmanee¹,

Chamroonkul²,

Piratvisuth³

2020

Preprint

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Objectives HIV/HCV co-infection is associated with more aggressive liver than HCV mono-infection. However, there are limited data in Thailand. This study was done to compare demographic data, basic laboratory results and hepatic fibrosis between HIV/HCV co-infected patients and HCV mono-infected patients in a major tertiary care center in Southern Thailand. Methods This was a cross-sectional single center 2-year retrospective study of HCV-treatment-naïve HIV/HCV co-infected patients and HCV mono-infected patients in Songklanagarind Hospital in Southern Thailand. The records of demographic data, basic laboratory results and hepatic fibrosis information were noted from all eligible patients. Results Data from 151 treatment-naïve HCV infected patients during the years 2018-2019 were collected. 51(34%) patients had HIV/HCV co-infections. Genotype 3a was predominant in HCV mono-infected patients(51%), while genotype 1a was predominant in HIV/HCV co-infected patients(35%). The median BMI in HCV mono-infected patients was higher than in HIV-HCV co-infected patients(23.1, IQR 20.3-24.8 vs 20.7, IQR 18.9-22.1, p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, HIV/HCV co-infected patients had higher alcohol consumption(AOR 24.9, p< 0.001), higher rates of unsafe sex(AOR 18.6, p=0.004) and MSM (AOR 8.48, p=0.006), and higher percents of genotype 1a(AOR 8.48, p=0.006) and HCV-RNA(AOR 2.3, p=0.035), while HIV/HCV co-infected individuals were less likely to be married (AOR 0.02, p<0.001), had higher median BMI(AOR 0.82, p=0.02), a higher rate of hepatic steatosis as assessed by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP)(AOR 0.98, p=0.02) and hepatic fibrosis as assessed by FibroScan 502(AOR 0.91, p<0.001) than HCV mono-infected patients. In HIV/HCV co-infected individuals, hepatic fibrosis as evaluated by liver stiffness measurement was not correlated with level of CD4 in our study. Conclusions HIV/HCV co-infected individuals were associated with genotype 1a, unsafe sex, single status and low BMI, while HCV mono-infected individuals were associated with high CAP and high hepatic fibrosis. Large-scale cohort studies are needed to confirm these results, especially hepatic fibrosis in this era of high-fat food consumption.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Differences in clinical features of HIV/HCV co-infected individuals compared with HCV mono-infected individuals in Southern Thailand

Pongmanee¹,

Chamroonkul²,

Piratvisuth³

2020

Preprint

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“…Contrary to this, globally, genotype 1 is estimated to be approximately 46.2%. HCV genotype 3 is the second most common type and makes up to 30.1% cases globally, approximately three-quarters of them are in [14] South Asia .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HCV Genotypes and Its Association With Response to Treatment

Khan¹,

Asif

Uppal³

et al. 2020

jumdc

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BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: primary Hepatitis C is a serious public health problem and is the cause of liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and numerous end-stage liver disease manifestations. The management of hepatitis C is to preclude liver cirrhosis, lessen the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma or hepatoma, and curing the extra hepatic diseases. Initially, interferon was the cornerstone for treating hepatitis C, but due to its cumbersome complications, route of administration, and limited treatment access, many patients showed noncompliance. New therapies for chronic hepatitis C have been introduced based on direct antiviral eﬀects. Several genotypes of hepatitis C have been discovered and they are responsive to diﬀerent antiviral therapies. Our objective was to assess the genotypic distribution of HCV in our local setup and their pattern of response to diﬀerent combination of anti-viral therapies by assessing the sustained viral response (SVR) after 12 weeks post-treatment. To determine the most prevalent genotype of hepatics C virus in our population and pattern of the response of multiple genotypes to diﬀerent antiviral regimens. METHODOLOGY: It is a cross-sectional study conducted for duration of six months and recruited those patients whose polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was found positive for hepatitis C virus at Islamabad Diagnostic Center. We analyzed 100 patients, both children and adults. Patients were assessed for diﬀerent genotypes and then diﬀerent combinations of antiviral treatments were administered. Their clinical data, hematological parameters and viral load before and after treatment were also analyzed. RESULTS: In a total of 100 positive hepatitis C virus-infected patients, 55% were females and 45% males. The frequencies of genotypes observed were 91 %, 06%, and 03% of genotype 3, 1a, and 1b respectively. 51 out of 91 patients with type 3 genotype, who were on antiviral therapy of sofosbuvir and ribavirin, all of them achieved SVR. 30 out of 91 patients with type 3 genotype were treated with sofosbuvir alone, the percentage of failure to achieve SVR in them was 6.7%. Treatment failure percentage of 10% was observed when a combination of Interferon (INF) alpha and ribavirin was used in type 3 genotype. Remaining six patients with type 1a and three patients of type 1b genotype achieved SVR with diﬀerent regimens used. CONCLUSION: Although the increased load of HCV in our setup is an alarming situation the prevalence of type 3 genotype is a blessing in disguise. The success of sustained viral response after various combinations of direct antiviral therapy and interferon-free treatment is hope for the ultimate cure of the disease and avoidance of debilitating side eﬀects related to interferon.

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“…Globally, approximately 150 million people are living with HCV infections. [33] HCV is a single-stranded RNA virus of the Flaviviridae family with seven major genotypes (HCV1-7). [34] High-throughput antiviral drug discovery screens have been extensively performed to identify inhibitors of viral protease (serine protease for HCV) and inhibitors of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNA replicase).…”

Section: Denv Helicase Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benzothiazoles as potential antiviral agents

Asiri

Alsayari

Muhsinah

et al. 2020

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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Objectives The recent viral pandemic poses a unique challenge for healthcare providers. Despite the remarkable progress, the number of novel antiviral agents in the pipeline is woefully inadequate against the evolving virulence and drug resistance of current viruses. This highlights the urgent need for new and improved vaccines, diagnostics and therapeutic agents to obviate the viral pandemic. Key findings Benzothiazole plays a pivotal role in the design and development of antiviral drugs. This is evident from the fact that it comprises many clinically useful agents. The current review is aimed to provide an insight into the recent development of benzothiazole-based antiviral agents, with a special focus on their structure-activity relationships and lead optimisation. One hundred and five articles were initially identified, and from these studies, 64 potential novel lead molecules and main findings were highlighted in this review. Summary We hope this review will provide a logical perspective on the importance of improving the future designs of novel broad-spectrum benzothiazolebased antiviral agents to be used against emerging viral diseases. Benzothiazoles as antiviral agents Yahya I. Asiri et al.

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Hepatitis C virus genotype 3: clinical features, current and emerging viral inhibitors, future challenges

Cited by 25 publications

References 109 publications

Differences in clinical features of HIV/HCV co-infected individuals compared with HCV mono-infected individuals in Southern Thailand

Differences in clinical features of HIV/HCV co-infected individuals compared with HCV mono-infected individuals in Southern Thailand

HCV Genotypes and Its Association With Response to Treatment

Benzothiazoles as potential antiviral agents

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