Hepatitis C Virus Infection

Lauer, Georg M.; Walker, Bruce D.

doi:10.1056/nejm200107053450107

Cited by 2,645 publications

(2,043 citation statements)

References 107 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

1,941

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…HCV infection is characterized by virus persistence in the majority of cases and by a long course of disease [1]. Indeed, HCV infection usually goes unrecognized for an undetermined period of time until liver disease becomes noticeable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, HCV infection usually goes unrecognized for an undetermined period of time until liver disease becomes noticeable. Time from infection to severe liver disease has been estimated to range between 20 and 30 years [1,2], suggesting that a partial control of viral replication occurs in individuals with established chronic HCV infection. However, HCV-associated disease is highly accelerated and severe liver damage is evident as soon as 5-10 years after infection in HIV-1/HCV co-infection [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Polyfunctional HCV‐specific T‐cell responses are associated with effective control of HCV replication

Comte²,

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

HCV infection has a severe course of disease in HIV/HCV co-infection and in liver transplant recipients. However, the mechanisms involved remain unclear. Here, we evaluated functional profiles of HCV-specific T-cell responses in 86 HCV mono-infected patients, 48 HIV/HCV co-infected patients and 42 liver transplant recipients. IFN-c and IL-2 production and ability of CD4 and CD8 T cells to proliferate were assessed after stimulation with HCVderived peptides. We observed that HCV-specific T-cell responses were polyfunctional in HCV mono-infected patients, with presence of proliferating single IL-2-, dual IL-2/IFN-c and single IFN-c-producing CD4 1 and dual IL-2/IFN-c and single IFN-c-producing CD8 1 cells. In contrast, HCV-specific T-cell responses had an effector profile in HIV/HCV coinfected individuals and liver transplant recipients with absence of single IL-2-producing HCV-specific CD4 1 and dual IL-2/IFN-c-producing CD8 1 T cells. In addition, HCV-specific proliferation of CD4 1 and CD8 1 T cells was severely impaired in HIV/HCV co-infected patients and liver transplant recipients. Importantly, ''only effector'' T-cell responses were associated with significantly higher HCV viral load and more severe liver fibrosis scores.Ã These two authors contributed equally to this work. Therefore, the present results suggest that immune-based mechanisms may contribute to explain the accelerated course of HCV infection in conditions of HIV-1 co-infection and liver transplantation.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyfunctional HCV‐specific T‐cell responses are associated with effective control of HCV replication

Comte²,

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the west it is most common amongst IV drug users (both current and those who may have given up decades ago), as well as recipients of blood products in the prescreening era. In some countries, such as Egypt, it appears to have been spread through needles used for medical programs and high rates in other countries may exist for similar reasons [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular immune responses against hepatitis C virus: the evidence base 2002

Ward¹,

Lauer

Isba³

et al. 2002

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

141

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYHepatitis C virus (HCV) is an RNA virus which is estimated to persistently infect about 170 million people worldwide. After acute infection, there is an initial period during which long-term outcome is decided. There is strong evidence that the cellular immune responses, involving both CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes, are involved at this stage and it is their effectiveness which determines outcome. What is not understood is what determines their effectiveness. The most important component of this is likely to be some aspect of epitope selection, itself dictated by host MHC. Thus, to understand host immunity to HCV, we need to have a detailed understanding of the peptides involved in T lymphocyte responses. In this review, we discuss the peptide epitopes that have been identified so far, and their potential significance. We relate this to a scheme of host defence which may be useful for understanding natural and vaccine-induced immunity.

show abstract

“…1,2 Using systematic review and mathematical modeling, Hanifiah et al recently estimated that the global prevalence of antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) increased from 2.3% (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 2.1%-2.5%) to 2.8% (95% UI: 2.6%-3.1%) from 1990 to 2005, for an increase in the number of anti-HCV-positive persons from 122 to 184 million. 3 Although this estimate is higher than some previously published studies, the researchers rightly suggest that their estimate may nonetheless be "conservative" or may underestimate the global prevalence of anti-HCV.…”

Section: H Epatitis C Virus (Hcv) Infection Is the Most Common Blood-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional and global summary estimates of antibody to hepatitis C virus prevalence in detainee populations: Seeing the forest and the trees?

Harzke

2013

Hepatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatitis C Virus Infection

Cited by 2,645 publications

References 107 publications

Polyfunctional HCV‐specific T‐cell responses are associated with effective control of HCV replication

Polyfunctional HCV‐specific T‐cell responses are associated with effective control of HCV replication

Cellular immune responses against hepatitis C virus: the evidence base 2002

Regional and global summary estimates of antibody to hepatitis C virus prevalence in detainee populations: Seeing the forest and the trees?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About