Hepatitis C Virus RNA (HCV-RNA) in Blood Donors and Family Members Seropositive for Anti-HCV Antibodies

Alvarez-Muñoz, Ma Teresa; Vences-Avilés, Marco Aurelio; Damacio, Leticia; Vázquez-Rosales, Guillermo; Torres, Javier; González-Bravo, Francisco Ernesto; Muñoz, Onofre

doi:10.1016/s0188-4409(01)00307-1

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Several epidemiological studies of HCV performed in Mexican people that included blood donors, [28-30] open population, [31,32] and patients with cirrhosis [33] mentioned dental treatment as a probable risk factor. Other studies found that living with a family member infected with HCV [34,35] or suffering from liver disease [33,36,37] was an associated risk factor. Although it is known that multiple factors contribute to HCV transmissibility for saliva [5,38] and viral loads are very low in this [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of hepatitis C virus RNA in saliva of patients with active infection not associated with periodontal or liver disease severity

et al. 2014

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BackgroundHepatitis C virus (HCV) is mainly transmitted by parenteral route, being blood transfusion and intravenous drug use the most frequent risk factors. However, it has been suggested that there are other routes of transmission. There are several studies where HCV RNA has been detected in saliva of patients infected with HCV, and epidemiological studies have proposed the dental treatments as possible risk factors for HCV transmission. The purpose of this study was to detect the presence of HCV RNA in saliva of patients with active infection and associating with periodontal or liver disease.MethodsPatients with quantifiable HCV-RNA in serum were enrolled in the study. Periodontal disease was assessed using the modified gingival index (MGI). Presence of dental plaque was assessed with the use of disclosing tablets. Patients were clinically and laboratory evaluated to identify the stage of liver disease, the HCV RNA was determinate in saliva by nested RT-PCR. To determine associations between different parameters univariate and multivariate analysis were used.ResultsA total of 45 patients were included. Of these patients, 21 (46.6%) had hepatitis, 23 (51.1%) had cirrhosis and one patient (2.4%) presented hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Viral loads in serum ranged from 2.31–6.68 log IU/ml with a mean of 5.46 log IU/ml (95% CI 5.23–5.70). HCV RNA was positive in saliva of 29 patients (64.4%) and was not detected in 16 (35.6%). For univariate analysis three independent variables were associated with the detection of HCV-RNA in saliva: gender, viral load and dental plaque and multivariate analysis only one independent variable viral load >5.17 log IU/mL remained significantly associated with the detection of HCV in saliva (p = 0.0002). A statistical difference was observed when viral load was analyzed, log 5.85 IU/mL (95% CI 5.67–6.02) for patients with HCV in saliva vs. log 4.77 IU/mL (95% CI 4.35–5.19) for patients without HCV in saliva (p = 0.0001). The detection of HCV-RNA in saliva was more frequent in patients with relatively high serum viral loads.ConclusionHCV-RNA in saliva was associated with the level of serum viral load but not with periodontal or liver disease severity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of hepatitis C virus RNA in saliva of patients with active infection not associated with periodontal or liver disease severity

et al. 2014

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“…Of 11 studies, 10 report genotype 1 as the most frequent. In one case, subtypes are not reported 73 and four studies determined that the most prevalent is subtype 1a 22,65,66,71 ; the other five studies reported that 1b is the most prevalent subtype. 6,37,69,72,74 Only one article shows substantially different results because it reports that genotype 2b is the most common subtype and even that genotypes 1a and 1b were not detected.…”

Section: Viral Genotypes In Mexicomentioning

confidence: 96%

Prevalence of hepatitis C virus in the Mexican population: A systematic review

Santos‐López

Sosa-Jurado

Vallejo-Ruíz

et al. 2008

Journal of Infection

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“…The prevalence was estimated at 1.4% in the adults and 0.95% in the total population in 2000. A considerable number of studies assessed the overall HCV prevalence (76)(77)(78)(79)(80)(81)(82)(83)(84)(85)(86)(87)(88)(89). In addition, two meta-analyses summarized the prevalence in different populations and geographies (5,90).…”

Section: Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been a number of studies looking at the genotype distribution (5,74,75,77,81,91,92). The largest study of 8802 chronic patients reported G1 (70.36%), G2 (21.77%), G3 (7.18%) and G4 (0.3%) (92).…”

Section: Genotypementioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and projections of hepatitis C virus epidemiology in Latin America

Kershenobich¹,

Razavi²,

Sánchez-Ávila³

et al. 2011

Liver International

132

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Background and aim: The purpose of the present investigation is to provide an analysis of previous works on the epidemiology of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection from six countries throughout Latin America, to forecast the future HCV prevalence trends in Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and Puerto Rico, and to outline deficiencies in available data, highlighting the need for further research. Methods: Data references were identified through indexed journals and non-indexed sources. Overall, 1080 articles were reviewed and 150 were selected based on their relevance to this work. When multiple data sources were available for a key assumption, a systematic process using multi-objective decision analysis (MODA) was used to select the most appropriate sources. When data were missing, analogues were used. Data from other countries with similar risk factors and/or population compositions were used as a proxy to help predict the future trends in prevalence. Results: The review indicates that the dominant genotype is type 1. HCV prevalence in the analysed countries ranges from 1 to 2.3%. The Latin American countries have been very proactive in screening their blood supplies, thus minimizing the risk of transmission through transfusion. This suggests that other risk factors are set to play a major role in continued new infections. The number of diagnosed and treated patients is low, thereby increasing the burden of complications such as liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. The HCV prevalence, according to our modelling is steady or increasing and the number of infected individuals will increase. Conclusions: The results herein reported should provide a foundation for informed planning efforts to tackle hepatitis.

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Hepatitis C Virus RNA (HCV-RNA) in Blood Donors and Family Members Seropositive for Anti-HCV Antibodies

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Detection of hepatitis C virus RNA in saliva of patients with active infection not associated with periodontal or liver disease severity

Detection of hepatitis C virus RNA in saliva of patients with active infection not associated with periodontal or liver disease severity

Prevalence of hepatitis C virus in the Mexican population: A systematic review

Trends and projections of hepatitis C virus epidemiology in Latin America

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