Hepatitis C virus serotypes and sources of infection in patients with HCV-related chronic liver disease from one geographical Area in southeast Italy

Dentico, P; Curatolo, N.; Sacco, Rodolfo; Luca, Martina De; Volpe, Anna; Ranieri, C; Genchi, C.; Petracca, L.; Buongiorno, R

doi:10.1007/bf02560510

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Data from the present study also confirm previous observations that HCV genotype 3a is more frequently found in IDUs [11,12] and that PBMC infection with HCV does not correlate with virus load or HCV genotype [5,13]. In particular, even though a higher percentage of genotype 1 was found in infected cells, the rate reflects the distribution of HCV genotypes in a population of Italian adults with HCV infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Injection Drug Use Facilitates Hepatitis C Virus Infection of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

et al. 2002

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Infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been demonstrated and has been found to play a role in relapse of HCV disease and vertical transmission of HCV. Injection drug use is thought to impair function of the immune system and induce tolerance to viruses; therefore, HCV infection of PBMCs could be more likely to occur in injection drug users (IDUs) with HCV infection. Of 108 women who tested negative for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and positive for HCV RNA, 51 had a history of injection drug use and 57 had no known risk factor for HCV infection. HCV infection was found, by nested reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis, in the PBMCs of 33 IDUs and of 13 non-IDUs (P=.00003). No correlation was found between infection of the PBMCs and HCV genotype or virus load. Route of transmission and viral factors, as well as immunologic dysfunction, may play a role in viral tropism.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Injection Drug Use Facilitates Hepatitis C Virus Infection of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

et al. 2002

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“…Distribution of HCV genotypes in our patients followed the prevalence map described by Simmonds [5] showing a higher frequency of subtype 1b in Spain. However, genotype distribution by epidemiological groups revealed significantly higher percentages of subtype 1a and genotype 3 among intravenous drug users in agreement with reports from south‐east [15] and northern [16] Italy, France [17,18], north‐east of England [19], southern Spain [20], and overall in western European countries for genotype 3 [2]. According to the year at which HCV infection was probably acquired, we found that the onset of intravenous drug addiction in our country was associated with entry of new HCV genotypes because after 1970 – the year at which the first case of HCV infection was observed – subtype 1a and genotypes 3 and 4 began to be detected among HCV‐infected patients with history of transfusion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Influence of age and date of infection on distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes and fibrosis stage

Serra

Rodríguez

Olmo

et al. 2003

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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The objective of this study was to assess the influence of age and date of acquisition of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection on the distribution of genotypes and the progression of fibrosis in HCV-infected patients who were born in Spain and had their habitual place of residence in this country. Genotypic analysis was performed in 375 patients in whom it was possible to establish the year of HCV infection because the mode of transmission was known (transfusion, injection drug use, blood donor, or epidemic outbreak). In 298 patients with liver biopsy, fibrosis stage was related to age at infection, duration of infection, alcohol consumption, and HCV genotype. HCV subtype 1b was almost exclusively detected among transfusion recipients, but the onset of intravenous drug addiction was associated with the introduction of HCV genotypes other than 1b among injecting users with subsequent spread to other exposure risk groups. Fibrosis progression was influenced by alcohol consumption, increased duration of infection, and older age at infection. In summary, spread of intravenous drug use determined HCV infection by genotypes other than 1b. The risk of fibrosis progression was influenced more by age at viral acquisition and alcohol consumption than by the infecting genotype.

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“…Sixty‐six were excluded for the following reasons. Nine articles failed to give the exact number of IVDUs enrolled [7–15]; seven papers, which concerned several risk groups including IVDUs, gave no separate prevalence rates for IVDUs [16–22]; sixteen papers reported on specific subpopulations of IVDUs (HIV‐seropositive IVDUs, IVDUs with acute hepatitis or deceased IVDUs) [23–38]. In three reports it was not specified if the enrolled drug users consisted of IVDUs alone or of both non‐IVDUs and IVDUs [39–41]; in 11 studies the number of IVDUs enrolled was less than 50 [42–51].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of hepatitis C markers among intravenous drug users in western European countries: a systematic review

Matheï

Buntinx

Damme³

2002

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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Currently, the most important risk factor for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Europe is intravenous drug use. To establish a better insight into the epidemiology of hepatitis C among intravenous drug users (IVDUs) in western European countries a systematic review on the prevalence of hepatitis C markers and their determinants was performed. Reports were identified by searches on Medline and on the internet and by screening reference lists of selected papers. The prevalence rates of anti-HCV in western European IVDUs reported in the 66 studies selected for analysis, ranged between 37 and 98%. No relation was found between prevalence rates and mean age, mean duration of intravenous drug use, geographical area, setting of the study, method of recruitment or the year(s) of collection of samples. Eleven studies concerning the prevalence of HCV-RNA in hepatitis C-infected IVDUs were selected for analysis. Prevalence rates ranged from 26 to 86%. Based on five studies, a statistically significant positive linear relation was found between the mean age of study population and the prevalence of HCV-RNA. Our analysis revealed considerable variation in prevalence rates of hepatitis C markers among IVDUs in western Europe. We found no conclusive explanation for this variability. Further research investigating the dynamics of the hepatitis C epidemic in IVDUs is necessary.

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Hepatitis C virus serotypes and sources of infection in patients with HCV-related chronic liver disease from one geographical Area in southeast Italy

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Injection Drug Use Facilitates Hepatitis C Virus Infection of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Injection Drug Use Facilitates Hepatitis C Virus Infection of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Influence of age and date of infection on distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes and fibrosis stage

Seroprevalence of hepatitis C markers among intravenous drug users in western European countries: a systematic review

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