Hepatitis C

Lee, Christine K.; Jonas, Maureen M.

doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2015.07.011

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This pattern has been validated in multiple studies 4, 42, 46, 73, 74, 75, 76. One study included up to 35 years of follow‐up and established that HCV infection acquired in early life typically shows a slow progression and mild course and outcome in the absence of other risk factors, such as obesity 77…”

Section: Natural History Of Hcv Infection In Children and Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Hepatitis C virus infection in children and adolescents

Squires

Balistreri

2017

Hepatology Communications

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Section: Natural History Of Hcv Infection In Children and Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Hepatitis C virus infection in children and adolescents

Squires

Balistreri

2017

Hepatology Communications

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“…In children with chronic hepatitis C who ultimately do not clear the virus, progression of liver disease is typically insidious (62)(63)(64)(65)(66) and advanced liver disease is uncommon before adulthood (67)(68)(69)(70)(71)(72). One study that included up to 35 years of follow-up established that HCV infection acquired early in life is mild and progresses slowly in the absence of other risk factors (68).…”

Section: Potential For Progressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C in 2020

Leung

Squires

Jhaveri

et al. 2020

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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In 1989, a collaboration between the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and a California biotechnology company identified the hepatitis C virus (HCV, formerly known as non-A, non-B hepatitis virus) as the causative agent in the epidemic of silent posttransfusion hepatitis resulting in cirrhosis. We now know that, the HCV genome is a 9.6 kb positive, single-stranded RNA. A single open reading frame encodes a 3011 amino acid residue polyprotein that undergoes proteolysis to yield 10 individual gene products, consisting of 3 structural proteins (core and envelope glycoproteins E1 and E2) and 7 nonstructural (NS) proteins (p7, NS2, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A, and NS5B), which participate in posttranslational proteolytic processing and replication of HCV genetic material. Less than 25 years later, a new class of medications, known as direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) which target these proteins, were introduced to treat HCV infection. These highly effective antiviral agents are now approved for use in children as young as 3 years of age and have demonstrated sustained virologic responses exceeding 90% in most genotypes. Although tremendous scientific progress has been made, the incidence of acute HCV infections has increased by 4-fold since 2005, compounded in the last decade by a surge in opioid and intravenous drug use. Unfortunately, awareness of this deadly hepatotropic virus among members of the lay public remains limited. Patient education, advocacy, and counseling must, therefore, complement the availability of curative treatments against HCV infection if this virus is to be eradicated.

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“…The recommended FDA-approved regimen for children age 3–17 years is PEGylated-interferon-[alpha] with ribavirin, which is associated with potential adverse side effects [14]. DAAs are not currently approved for use in infants, children younger than 12 years or pregnant women because of lack of evidence evaluating safety and efficacy in these populations [3•, 97]. Thus, avoiding adverse outcomes due to vertical transmission of HCV necessitates preventing maternal infection or treating HCV-infected women of child-bearing-age before pregnancy.…”

Section: Special Populations and Disparitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C: Review of the Epidemiology, Clinical Care, and Continued Challenges in the Direct-Acting Antiviral Era

2017

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Purpose of Review This review highlights key studies and recently published data, policies, and recommendations related to hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemiology, transmission, and treatment. Recent Findings HCV is a leading cause of liver-related deaths, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Since 2011 and accelerating since 2013, new, safe, tolerable, and curative therapies have considerably altered clinical and public health frameworks related to the prevention, control and clinical management of HCV. Nevertheless, there are several populations in the United States that are important to consider because of disparities in HCV prevalence and transmission risk. Adults born during 1945–1965 have an estimated anti-HCV antibody prevalence of ~3%, which is six times higher than among other adults, are often unaware of their infections, and are at increased risk of having HCV-associated morbidity and mortality from decades of chronic infection. Since the early 2000s, increasing incidence of acute HCV infections among young, white, non-urban people who inject drugs have been reported. Despite promising therapeutic advances, significant challenges remain for reducing HCV-associated morbidity and mortality. Summary The high burden of HCV and significant health consequences associated with chronic infection make HCV a critical public health priority. Advances in HCV treatment have created new opportunities for reducing HCV-associated morbidity and mortality. These treatments are safe, well-tolerated, and highly effective; however, benefits cannot be realized without a significant increase in the number of persons tested for HCV so that all chronically infected individuals can be aware of their diagnosis and linked to appropriate clinical care.

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Hepatitis C

Cited by 17 publications

References 39 publications

Hepatitis C virus infection in children and adolescents

Hepatitis C virus infection in children and adolescents

Hepatitis C in 2020

Hepatitis C: Review of the Epidemiology, Clinical Care, and Continued Challenges in the Direct-Acting Antiviral Era

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