Hepatitis D virus in Africa: several unmet needs

Manns, Michael P.

doi:10.1016/s2214-109x(17)30345-5

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The reasons for this huge variation in HDV prevalence between regions (and between countries within a given region) are unknown. Unmet needs include a better description of the epidemiology of the virus, its natural history and the modes of transmission in Africa 4 5. Demographic Health Surveys (DHS) offer a unique opportunity for the mapping of various pathogens on a very large nationwide representative sample.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epidemiology of hepatitis delta virus infection in Cameroon

Besombes

Njouom

Paireau

et al. 2020

Gut

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveTo investigate the distribution and risk factors of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection in Cameroon.DesignWe tested for hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HDV antibody 14 150 samples collected during a survey whose participants were representative of the Cameroonian adult population. The samples had already been tested for hepatitis C virus and HIV antibodies.ResultsOverall, 1621/14 150 (weighted prevalence=11.9%) participants were HBsAg positive, among whom 224/1621 (10.6%) were anti-HDV positive. In 2011, the estimated numbers of HBsAg positive and HDV seropositives were 1 160 799 and 122 910 in the 15–49 years age group, respectively. There were substantial regional variations in prevalence of chronic HBV infection, but even more so for HDV (from 1% to 54%). In multivariable analysis, HDV seropositivity was independently associated with living with an HDV-seropositive person (OR=8.80; 95% CI: 3.23 to 24.0), being HIV infected (OR=2.82; 95% CI: 1.32 to 6.02) and living in the South (latitude <4°N) while having rural/outdoor work (OR=15.2; 95% CI: 8.35 to 27.6, when compared with living on latitude ≥4°N and not having rural/outdoor work).ConclusionWe found evidence for effective intra-household transmission of HDV in Cameroon. We also identified large differences in prevalence between regions, with cases concentrated in forested areas close to the Equator, as described in other tropical areas. The reasons underlying these geographical variations in HDV prevalence deserve further investigation.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epidemiology of hepatitis delta virus infection in Cameroon

Besombes

Njouom

Paireau

et al. 2020

Gut

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…HDV infection is restricted to co-infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or superinfection of HBV-infected individuals due to the requirement for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) in the HDV viral envelope. An estimated 15–20 million people are co-infected with HBV and HDV worldwide; with areas of high endemicity in the Middle East, the Amazonian region of South America, the Mediterranean, and western and central Africa 1 . The impact of HDV infection is substantial: co-infection results in a more severe clinical outcome than HBV alone, while superinfection of HBV infected patients with HDV results in greater probability of chronic infection, more rapid progression to cirrhosis 2 , and overall greater risk of morbidity 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, HDV inhibits HBV replication, lowering HBV DNA levels detectable in patient blood 6 – 8 , and thereby potentially complicating HBV patient management. The ability to detect and monitor for HDV is clearly critical to patient care and the need for novel therapeutics is imperative 9 – 12 , especially in regions of elevated HDV prevalence 1 , 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of hepatitis delta virus in Cameroon

Butler

Rodgers

Coller

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV), a satellite virus of hepatitis B virus (HBV), infects an estimated 15–20 million people worldwide and confers a greater risk for accelerated progression to liver disease. However, limited HDV surveillance data are available in sub-Saharan Africa where HDV diversity is high. To determine the prevalence and diversity of HDV in Cameroon, serological and molecular characterization was performed on 1928 HBsAg positive specimens selected from retrospective viral surveillance studies conducted in Cameroon from 2010–2016. Samples were screened for HDV antibodies on the Abbott ARCHITECT instrument and for HDV RNA on the Abbott m2000 instrument by research assays. HDV positive specimens with sufficient viral load were selected for genomic sequencing. The seroprevalence of HDV in HBsAg positive samples from Cameroon was 46.73% [95% CI; 44.51–48.96%], with prevalence of active HDV infection being 34.2% [95% CI; 32.09–36.41%]. HDV genotypes 1, 6, 7 and 8 were identified amongst N = 211 sequences, including N = 145 genomes. HDV prevalence is high within the study cohort, indicating that a large portion of HBV infected individuals in Cameroon are at elevated risk for severe hepatitis and death. Collectively, these results emphasize the need for HBV vaccination and HDV testing in HBsAg positive patients in Cameroon.

show abstract

“…Various therapeutic targets in hepatitis D virus infection, including prenylation, viral entry, and HBsAg secretion, are under investigation, but these drugs all are in early clinical development. Regulatory authorities such as the European Medicines Agency classify hepatitis D virus infection as an orphan disease and have given orphan drug status to novel therapies (Manns, 2017).…”

Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particularly severe forms of hepatitis D virus infection were reported in the Amazon Basin, where the combination of hepatitis D virus genotype 3 with hepatitis B virus genotype F is prevalent. The natural course of hepatitis D virus infection and disease phenotype depend on host, virus, and environmental factors (Manns, 2017). In The Lancet Global Health, Alexander Stockdale and colleagues did a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess anti-hepatitis D virus seroprevalence in HBsAg-positive patients in sub-Saharan Africa.…”

Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Hepatitis D in Sub-Saharan Africa: Trends and Challenges (Systematic Review)

2023

Central European Management Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatitis D, also referred to as hepatitis D virus, or hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is considered to be a subviral satellite because it can propagate only in the presence of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) (WHO, 2020). There are uncertainties about the epidemic patterns of HDV infection and its contribution to the burden of liver disease. Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a defective virus that completes its life cycle only with hepatitis B virus (HBV). The HBV with HDV super-infection has been considered as one of the most severe forms of the chronic viral hepatitis (Chen et al, 2019). However, there is a scarcity of data on the Sub-Saharan Africa burden of HDV infection. We estimated the Determinants of Hepatitis D in Sub-Saharan Africa: Trends and Challenges.

show abstract

Hepatitis D virus in Africa: several unmet needs

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

The epidemiology of hepatitis delta virus infection in Cameroon

The epidemiology of hepatitis delta virus infection in Cameroon

High prevalence of hepatitis delta virus in Cameroon

Determinants of Hepatitis D in Sub-Saharan Africa: Trends and Challenges (Systematic Review)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About