Hepatitis E in Children

Fischler, Björn; Baumann, Ulrich; Dezsőfi, Antal; Hadžić, Nedim; Jahnel, Jörg; Mclin, Valérie Anne; Nobili, Valério; Smets, Françoise; Verkade, Henkjan J.; Debray, Dominique

doi:10.1097/mpg.0000000000001231

Cited by 27 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…The recommendation of the ESPGHAN Committee is that immunocompetent children with elevated liver enzymes and/or extrahepatic impairment such as acute pancreatitis, haemolytic anemia, unknown cause of thrombocytopenia, or neurological symptoms, to be tested for HEV infection. The same recommendations are for immunocompromised children with abnormal transaminases, including those who have performed pediatric solid organ and stem cell transplants and other children on immunosuppressive therapy with biological changes without an identified cause must be tested for HEV ( 59 ).…”

Section: Papers Selection Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Outbreaks of hepatitis E in which the source of the infection is not identified are caused by person-to-person transmission. It is known that sporadic infections are spread among people ( 59 ).…”

Section: Papers Selection Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In several countries have been reported a number of cases and series of cases of transfusion-associated HEV infections ( 59 , 60 , 77 ). Many clinical conditions requires blood or blood products transfusions, in which hepatitis E is more severe or causes chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis such as pregnancy, liver illness, hematological neoplasm, solid organ transplantation, and HIV infected patients.…”

Section: Papers Selection Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many clinical conditions requires blood or blood products transfusions, in which hepatitis E is more severe or causes chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis such as pregnancy, liver illness, hematological neoplasm, solid organ transplantation, and HIV infected patients. Given the existing data, it is necessary to screen blood donors in countries with a high prevalence of HEV ( 59 , 60 ).…”

Section: Papers Selection Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current Paradigm of Hepatitis E Virus Among Pediatric and Adult Patients

et al. 2021

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a polymorphic condition, present throughout the world and involving children and adults. Multiple studies over the last decade have contributed to a better understanding of the natural evolution of this infection in various population groups, several reservoirs and transmission routes being identified. To date, acute or chronic HEV-induced hepatitis has in some cases remained underdiagnosed due to the lower accuracy of serological tests and due to the evolutionary possibility with extrahepatic manifestations. Implementation of diagnostic tests based on nucleic acid analysis has increased the detection rate of this disease. The epidemiological and clinical features of HEV hepatitis differ depending on the geographical areas studied. HEV infection is usually a self-limiting condition in immunocompetent patients, but in certain categories of vulnerable patients it can induce a sudden evolution toward acute liver failure (pregnant women) or chronicity (immunosuppressed patients, post-transplant, hematological, or malignant diseases). In acute HEV infections in most cases supportive treatment is sufficient. In patients who develop chronic hepatitis with HEV, dose reduction of immunosuppressive medication should be the first therapeutic step, especially in patients with transplant. In case of unfavorable response, the initiation of antiviral therapy is recommended. In this review, the authors summarized the essential published data related to the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, and therapeutic aspects of HEV infection in adult and pediatric patients.

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Section: Papers Selection Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Papers Selection Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Papers Selection Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Papers Selection Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Current Paradigm of Hepatitis E Virus Among Pediatric and Adult Patients

et al. 2021

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“…Symptomatic HEV infection is uncommon in children even during large HEV epidemics. Since it is uncommon in the pediatric age group, so also the ALF which reflects the paucity of data on chronic HEV in Childhood ( Fischler et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Hev Infection and Chronicity In Pediatric And Young Populatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Hepatitis E and Chronicity: A Growing Public Health Concern

et al. 2020

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Hepatitis E viral infection recently emerges as a global health concern. Over the last decade, the understanding of hepatitis E virus (HEV) had changed with the discovery of new genotypes like genotype-7 and genotype-8 with associated host and mode of infection. Diversification in the mode of hepatitis E infection transmission through blood transfusion, and organ transplants in contrast to classical feco-oral and zoonotic mode is the recent medical concern. The wide spectrum of infection ranging from self-limiting to acute liver failure is now overpowered by HEV genotype-specific chronic infection especially in transplant patients. This concern is further escalated by the extra-hepatic manifestations of HEV targeting the central nervous system (CNS), kidney, heart, and pancreas. However, with the development of advanced efficient cell culture systems and animal models simulating the infection, much clarity toward understanding the pathogenetic mechanism of HEV has been developed. Also this facilitates the development of vaccines research or therapeutics. In this review, we highlight all the novel findings in every aspect of HEV with special emphasis on recently emerging chronic mode of infection with specific diagnosis and treatment regime with an optimistic hope to help virologists and/or liver specialists working in the field of viral hepatitis.

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