Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 1, Cuba

Villalba, María de la Caridad Montalvo; Lay, Licel de los Ángeles Rodríguez; Chandra, Vivek; Corredor, Marité Bello; Frómeta, Susel Sariego; Moreno, Aidonis Gutiérrez; Jameel, Shahid

doi:10.3201/eid1408.080049

Cited by 41 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…21 Several Caribbean countries have reported HEV circulation, but viral characterization has been limited. 7 Although the transmission of the virus is primarily fecal-oral through contaminated water, there is also evidence of zoonotic transmission in certain cases. Recent studies have investigated swine, including pork meat, as a source of zoonotic hepatitis E infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seroprevalence of Seven Zoonotic Pathogens in Pregnant Women from the Caribbean

Wood¹,

Drebot²,

Dewailly³

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5][6] Limited cases of zoonotic hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection have been documented but only preliminary characterization has been performed. 7 The objective of this study was to examine the seroprevalence of seven zoonotic agents among individuals residing in 10 Caribbean countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Seven Zoonotic Pathogens in Pregnant Women from the Caribbean

Wood¹,

Drebot²,

Dewailly³

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Frequent HEV-1 outbreaks affecting tens of thousands of people in Central, South, and East Asia have been documented since the 1950s; the largest known HEV epidemic to date, occurring from 1986 to 1988 in the Xinjiang region of China, sickened over 119,000 people and resulted in 707 documented fatalities, 414 of whom were pregnant women (3). Although molecular data from Central and South America are limited, locally acquired HEV-1 infections and small-scale outbreaks have been reported in Latin America as well (53,54).…”

Section: Epidemiologic Patterns Of Hepatitis E Virus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host Immune Status and Response to Hepatitis E Virus Infection

2014

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SUMMARY Hepatitis E virus (HEV), identified over 30 years ago, remains a serious threat to life, health, and productivity in developing countries where access to clean water is limited. Recognition that HEV also circulates as a zoonotic and food-borne pathogen in developed countries is more recent. Even without treatment, most cases of HEV-related acute viral hepatitis (with or without jaundice) resolve within 1 to 2 months. However, HEV sometimes leads to acute liver failure, chronic infection, or extrahepatic symptoms. The mechanisms of pathogenesis appear to be substantially immune mediated. This review covers the epidemiology of HEV infection worldwide, the humoral and cellular immune responses to HEV, and the persistence and protection of antibodies produced in response to both natural infection and vaccines. We focus on the contributions of altered immune states (associated with pregnancy, human immunodeficiency virus [HIV], and immunosuppressive agents used in cancer and transplant medicine) to the elevated risks of chronic infection (in immunosuppressed/immunocompromised patients) and acute liver failure and mortality (among pregnant women). We conclude by discussing outstanding questions about the immune response to HEV and interactions with hormones and comorbid conditions. These questions take on heightened importance now that a vaccine is available.

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“…14 In humans, hepatitis E has been reported worldwide. [15][16][17][18][19][20] It is considered as an emerging viral disease of importance to public health and a significant cause of acute clinical hepatitis among adults in Asia, Middle East and Africa. 2,21,22 High lethality rates have been reported in some developing countries, especially among pregnant women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Prevalence of Hepatitis E in Humans and Pigs and Evidence of Genotype-3 Virus in Swine, Madagascar

Temmam¹,

Besnard²,

Andriamandimby³

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes an orofecal disease transmitted through poor hygiene environments, contaminated food (mainly pork products), or by contacts with infected animals. Very little data are currently available regarding the disease in the Southwestern Indian Ocean Islands. We report the first sero-and viro-survey for HEV in human and swine in Madagascar. A seroprevalence rate of 14.1% (60 of 427) was measured in slaughterhouse workers. Seroprevalence to HEV in pigs was estimated to 71.2% (178 of 250), strongly suggesting the existence of a zoonotic cycle. Three out of 250 pig livers (1.2%) tested HEV RNA-positive by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Phylogenetic analyses based on 1-kb sequences of the ORF 2-3 identified these viruses as HEV genotype 3. Sequences clustered in a distinct Malagasy sub-clade, possibly representative of a new sub-genotype, for which the date of emergence was estimated around 1989. Further studies are needed to confirm other transmission routes of HEV to humans, especially through non-zoonotic cycles.

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Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 1, Cuba

Cited by 41 publications

References 10 publications

Seroprevalence of Seven Zoonotic Pathogens in Pregnant Women from the Caribbean

Seroprevalence of Seven Zoonotic Pathogens in Pregnant Women from the Caribbean

Host Immune Status and Response to Hepatitis E Virus Infection

High Prevalence of Hepatitis E in Humans and Pigs and Evidence of Genotype-3 Virus in Swine, Madagascar

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