Hepatitis E virus infection in a cohort of patients with acute non-A, non-B hepatitis

Psichogiou, Mina; Tassopoulos, Nicolaos C.; Papatheodoridis, George V.; Tzala, Evangelia; Klarmann, Ruth; Witteler, Hannolore; Schlauder, George G.; Troonen, Hugo; Hatzakis, Angelos

doi:10.1016/0168-8278(95)80032-8

Cited by 34 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Although the southeastern part of Turkey is endemic for HEV infection, the surprising finding of this study was the unusually high prevalence of IgG anti-HEV antibodies (54%) among chronic hepatitis C patients. Similar findings were reported in 1994 from southern Italy and in 1995 from Greece [23,24] . The authors attracted attention to a striking association between HEV and HCV infections, and stated that anti-HEV prevalences were 27 and 10.7% among anti-HCV-positive individuals versus 2 and 2.6% among anti-HCV-negative individuals, respectively [23,24] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Prevalence of Hepatitis E Virus Antibodies in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B and Chronic Hepatitis C

et al. 2007

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Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) among patients with chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C, serum samples were collected between January and December 2004 from patients with chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C. Methods: There were 190 adult patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and 174 with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the study group. As the control group, a cohort of 178 age- and sex-matched individuals without known liver disease was selected. Results: Anti-HEV IgG antibodies were positive in 26/190 (13.7%) of chronic HBV and 94/174 (54%) of chronic HCV patients. In the control group anti-HEV positivity was 15.7% (28/178). There was no difference in the percentage of chronic HBV patients and control group who were positive for anti-HEV antibody, but the presence of HEV infection was significantly higher in chronic HCV patients. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that HEV and HCV might share a common route of transmission in our region. We recommend that preventive measures against HEV should be undertaken in chronic HCV patients as superinfection with HEV can cause a more severe pattern of disease in chronic hepatitis patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Prevalence of Hepatitis E Virus Antibodies in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B and Chronic Hepatitis C

et al. 2007

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“…Similar results have been reported recently by other investigators [Quiroga et al, 1996;Mast et al, 1997], suggesting that HEV infections are more widely distributed than originally believed and that additional strains of HEV may be circulating in industrialized nations. Several isolated reports of HEV-associated hepatitis in Europe and the US among individuals with no history of travel to regions traditionally considered endemic for HEV support this conclusion [Zaijer et al, 1993;Psichogiou et al, 1995;Kwo et al, 1997;Thomas et al, 1997].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Initial sequence analysis has indicated that this isolate is probably distinct from other isolates of HEV [Zanetti et al, 1999]. One of the two patients from the study in Greece had also been found to be PCR positive [Psichogiou et al, 1995] using primers based on the Burmese isolate of HEV [Schlauder et al, 1993]; however, the nucleotide sequence of the product was not determined.…”

Section: Materials and Methods Source Materialsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Novel hepatitis E virus (HEV) isolates from Europe: Evidence for additional genotypes of HEV

et al. 1999

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Hepatitis E infection is associated with areas in which hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is endemic. Acute infections in industrialized nations are usually linked to travel to endemic areas. Recently, an acute hepatitis infection in a patient from the United States (US), with no recent foreign travel history, was linked to a novel strain of HEV. Although a few additional cases have been reported from patients who have not traveled to endemic areas, the source of these infections has not been determined. The objective of this study was to identify additional HEV isolates from patients with acute infection who had no recent history of travel to areas where HEV is considered endemic, and to determine the genetic relationship between these and other HEV isolates. Viral RNA was isolated from serum and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using consensus primers based on a number of HEV isolates. HEV sequence in open reading frame (ORF) 1 and ORF2 was identified in three patients from nonendemic areas, one from Italy and two from Greece. Comparative and phylogenetic analyses were performed. The Greek and Italian isolates were significantly divergent from two isolates from the US and isolates identified previously from HEV-endemic regions. The Italian isolate was distinct from the two Greek isolates. In addition, the two Greek isolates were significantly divergent from each other. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Italian and two Greek isolates represent three new genotypes of HEV, distinct from the Burmese, Mexican, and US genotypes.

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“…For instance, anti-HEV IgG was detected in Japan significantly in some 23.6% (21/89) of hepatitis B and in 7.9% (12/152) of hepatitis C patients [22]. Various studies have shown that in chronic HCV infection patients, the prevalence rate of HEV infection is higher, too [52,53,54]. An association between the presence of HEV antibody and serological evidence of previous HBV or HCV infections has also been demonstrated [46].…”

Section: Hev Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E Virus Infection: A General Review with a Focus on Hemodialysis and Kidney Transplant Patients

Hosseini-Moghaddam¹,

Abbaszadeh²,

Alavian³

et al. 2010

Am J Nephrol

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Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a self-limited viral disease that causes acute hepatitis epidemics in developing countries. The common route of transmission for HEV is supposedly fecal-oral. Serological evidence may be unexpectedly found in hemodialysis (HD) patients and kidney transplant recipients. Although the route of HEV transmission is not usually determined in HD subjects, this virus seems to be transmitted either directly through HD or nosocomially. In this study, we gathered the published information on HEV infection in HD patients and kidney transplant recipients. Methods: For this review, we collected the relevant articles by searching through Medline and Google Scholar from January 1980 up to September 2009. Results: Some variables including older age, low education, living in rural versus urban areas and the duration of HD seem to be risk factors for HEV infection in HD patients. Compared with non-HD subjects, HEV infection may be specifically associated with poor outcome in HD patients. Specific considerations seem to be required to prevent transmission of HEV to HD patients. Conclusion: More extensive investigations are required to determine the disease burden of HEV infection in HD subjects in countries which experience outbreaks of HEV infection.

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Hepatitis E virus infection in a cohort of patients with acute non-A, non-B hepatitis

Cited by 34 publications

References 33 publications

Prevalence of Hepatitis E Virus Antibodies in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B and Chronic Hepatitis C

Prevalence of Hepatitis E Virus Antibodies in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B and Chronic Hepatitis C

Novel hepatitis E virus (HEV) isolates from Europe: Evidence for additional genotypes of HEV

Hepatitis E Virus Infection: A General Review with a Focus on Hemodialysis and Kidney Transplant Patients

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