Hepatitis E Virus infection seroprevalence and the associated risk factors in animals raised in Ibadan, Nigeria

Antia, R. E.; Adekola, Adewole Augustine; Jubril, Afusat Jagun; Ohore, Obokparo Godspower; Emikpe, Benjamin Obukowho

doi:10.1080/15321819.2018.1514507

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…When compared with HEV seroprevalence values in pigs from other African countries, our findings were comparable with results in Madagascar [ 26 ] and Nigeria [ 41 ] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Hepatitis E seroprevalence and risk factors in humans and pig in Ghana

et al. 2022

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Background Although Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection has significant negative impact on the health and wellbeing of underprivileged populations, the burden of HEV in Ghana is still unclear, despite widespread water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) related conditions that predispose people to the risk of infection. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore rates of HEV seroprevalence and HEV prevalence, as well as risk factors in humans and domestic pigs in Ghana. These were determined using ELISAs manufactured by Wantai Beijing Biopharmaceuticals, China. The study involved 1365 community members, 105 pig farmers and 474 domestic pigs from four administrative regions of Ghana. Results Results showed overall seroprevalence and prevalence of 12.4% and 0.7% in community members and 15.2% and 2.9% in pig farmers respectively. There was no significant difference in the seroprevalence between the two groups (Z = 0.851; p = 0.3953). However, the prevalence in pig farmers was significantly higher than in community members (Z = 2.412; p = 0.016). Age (OR = 1.369, CI = 1.243 – 1.508; p = 0.0000), gender (OR = 1.419, CI = 1.101 – 1.991; p = 0.043), and the region of residence (OR = 1.569, CI = 1.348 – 1.827; p = 0.0000) were significant risk factors for HEV seroprevalence in a multivariate regression model. In pigs, overall seroprevalence and prevalence of 62.4% and 5.5% were recorded respectively. A significant difference in seroprevalence was found between confined (6.7%) and free-range pigs (88.3%), (Z = 7.492; p < 0.00001) in the Volta Region. Multivariate logistic regression showed a significant association between seroprevalence and husbandry (OR = 7.051, CI = 3.558– 13.972; p = 0.0000) and region (OR = 4.602, CI = 2.300 – 9.205; p = 0.0000) in pigs in the Volta and Greater Accra Region. Conclusion From this study, HEV is endemic in Ghana with high seroprevalence in humans and pig populations. This underscores the need for awareness creation and action for prevention and control.

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“…When compared with HEV seroprevalence values in pigs from other African countries, our findings were comparable with results in Madagascar [ 26 ] and Nigeria [ 41 ] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Hepatitis E seroprevalence and risk factors in humans and pig in Ghana

et al. 2022

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“…When compared with HEV seroprevalence values in pigs from other African countries, our ndings were comparable with results in Madagascar (19) and Nigeria (34).…”

Section: Hev Seroprevalence In Pigssupporting

confidence: 85%

Hepatitis E Seroprevalence and Risk Factors in Humans and pig in Ghana

Bagulo

Majekodunmi

Welburn

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Although Hepatitis E has significant negative impact on the health and wellbeing of underprivileged populations, the burden of HEV in Ghana is still unclear, despite widespread conditions that predispose people to the risk of infection. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore rates of HEV exposure and active infection, as well as risk factors in humans and domestic pigs in Ghana. The study involved 1365 community members, 105 pig farmers and 474 domestic pigs from four administrative regions of Ghana. Results Results showed overall seroprevalence and actual prevalence of 12.4% and 0.7% in community members and 15.2% and 2.9% in pig farmers respectively. There was no significant difference in seroprevalence between the two groups (Z = 0.851; p = 0.395). However, the prevalence in pig farmers was significantly higher than in other community members (Z = 2.412; p = 0.016). Age (OR = 1.369, CI = 1.243 – 1.508; p = 0.0000), gender (OR = 1.419, CI = 1.101 – 1.991; p = 0.043), and the region of residence (OR = 1.569, CI = 1.348 – 1.827; p = 0.0000) were significant risk factors for HEV seroprevalence in a multivariate regression model.

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“…The summary of the data presentation of the 7 articles [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35] are presented in Table 1. The publication span 10 years.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E Infection in Nigeria: A Systematic Review

Okagbue¹,

Adamu²,

Bishop³

et al. 2019

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: Research done globally on hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is far fewer compared with other types of hepatitis virus infection. Little is known on the prevalence of HEV in Nigeria. AIM: The present study presents the prevalence of HEV infection in Nigeria from a few available research papers on HEV. The detailed statistical analysis was used to analyse the prevalence of HEV in humans and animals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A literature search in Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed databases was done, and a final 7 articles were selected. Minitab 17.0 was used to perform the correlational and binary logistic analyses. RESULTS: Serum and faecal analysis of blood and stool samples of 1178 humans and 210 pigs (animals) were done, and the presence of anti-HEV IgG or HEV RNA in the study samples were 127 and 138 respectively. Further analysis showed the prevalence of HEV are 10.8% and 65.7% in humans and animals, respectively. Weak positive non-significant association (r = 0.327, p-value = 0.474) was obtained between the target (humans and animal) and the HEV infection (positive) groups. The application of binary logistic regression yielded an equation that can be used to predict the target group from the HEV positive humans or animals. Generally, the logistic model was not statistically significant (p-value = 0.376), and the model was able to explain 9.3% of the deviation or variability of the model. The odds ratio is OR = 1.0344 with 0.9550, 1.204 95% Confidence Interval (CI). Thus, in Nigeria, the odds of prevalence of HEV in animals are 1.0344 higher than humans. CONCLUSION: The risk factors obtained from the few available articles are consistent with the global epidemiology of HEV infection. Food and animal handlers and those that consume unsafe water are the key people at risk of HEV infection in Nigeria.

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Hepatitis E Virus infection seroprevalence and the associated risk factors in animals raised in Ibadan, Nigeria

Cited by 17 publications

References 39 publications

Hepatitis E seroprevalence and risk factors in humans and pig in Ghana

Hepatitis E seroprevalence and risk factors in humans and pig in Ghana

Hepatitis E Seroprevalence and Risk Factors in Humans and pig in Ghana

Hepatitis E Infection in Nigeria: A Systematic Review

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