Hepatitis E virus serology and PCR. Does the methodology matter?

Cattoit, L.; Hoecke, Frederik Van; Maerken, Tom Van; Nys, Eline; Ryckaert, Inge; Boulle, M; Geerts, Anja; Verhelst, Xavier; Vlierberghe, Hans Van; Padalko, Elizaveta

doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2015.07.253

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In a 2011 study performed on 100 randomly selected samples in a hospital of the northern part of the country, seroprevalence was found to be 14% [9]. A recent study performed on limited numbers of hospitalized patients with liver diseases and suspicion of HEV infection found an IgG seroprevalence of 15–20%, depending on the ELISA assay [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E virus (HEV): seroprevalence and HEV RNA detection in subjects attending a sexually transmitted infection clinic in Brussels, Belgium

et al. 2017

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Men who have sex with men (MSM) have an increased incidence of pathogens transmitted by the oro-fecal route. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging cause of acute hepatitis and fecal shedding is observed during primary infection. We investigated whether MSM are at increased risk of HEV infection. Subjects who attended a sexually transmitted infection clinic in Brussels and had an HIV test performed between 1 June 2014 and 15 January 2016 were identified. A total of 576 samples were retrospectively screened for both total HEV IgG and HEV RNA. Samples positive for IgG were tested for IgM. MSM proportion was 31·1% (179/576). Overall HEV IgG prevalence was 9·03% (52/576) and was identical in MSM and heterosexual subjects. Among the IgG positive samples, 2/52 (3·84%) samples (both women) were positive for anti-HEV IgM. No sample was positive for HEV RNA. Age over 35 was the only risk factor significantly associated with HEV seropositivity (OR 2·07; 95% CI 1·16-3·67). In conclusion, MSM were not found to have an increased prevalence of HEV as previously reported in other European countries suggesting distinct dynamics of HEV infection in this group across Europe and increased age was associated with a higher risk of seropositivity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E virus (HEV): seroprevalence and HEV RNA detection in subjects attending a sexually transmitted infection clinic in Brussels, Belgium

et al. 2017

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“…The authors of several studies have reported difficulties in diagnosing acute HEV due to individuals presenting positivity in either one or the other test, but not both. This has generally been attributed to the lack of standardized PCR techniques or poor sensitivities of IgM ELISA tests (Debes et al, 2016; Cattoir et al, 2017). However, as in our patient, a lack of peripheral blood HEV RNA concomitant with intrahepatic replication could explain this dissociation and should be kept in mind in the appropriate clinical setting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune dissociation during acute hepatitis E infection

Debes

Groothuismink

Doukas

et al. 2019

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Objective: We report the immune response during a case of acute HEV response in a patient with an acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3 infection in the Netherlands. Methods: Cytokine evaluation was performed via multiplex cytokine array for 65 immune markers in plasma during the different phases of hepatitis. Results: The patient initially presented with features typical of acute viral hepatitis, with detectable HEV RNA in blood. This evolved into a cholestatic disease following peripheral clearance of the virus, leading to the demise of the patient. Real time PCR revealed the presence of HEV in liver tissue, suggestive of active intrahepatic infection despite clearance in blood. During the phase of detectable HEV RNA in serum, there was a surge in T-cell-related immune mediators, as well as interferon alpha and interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), characteristic of a viral infection. After clearance of the virus in the blood and development of cholestatic hepatitis, several inflammatory markers subsided, followed by an increase in immune factors related to anti-inflammatory activity, as well as monocyte/macrophage-related markers, likely due to the intrahepatic presence of the virus. Conclusions: This report describes the dissociation of intra- and extra-hepatic immune responses during acute HEV infection. As shedding of the virus became solely intrahepatic, an immune profile reflective of the activity of hepatic resident cells was observed.

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Hepatitis E virus serology and PCR. Does the methodology matter?

Cited by 2 publications

References 23 publications

Hepatitis E virus (HEV): seroprevalence and HEV RNA detection in subjects attending a sexually transmitted infection clinic in Brussels, Belgium

Hepatitis E virus (HEV): seroprevalence and HEV RNA detection in subjects attending a sexually transmitted infection clinic in Brussels, Belgium

Immune dissociation during acute hepatitis E infection

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