Hepatitis G Virus Infection in Haemodialysis and in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Campo, N.; Sinelli, Nicoletta; Brizzolara, R.; Torre, Francesco; Gurreri, G; Russo, Rodolfo; Saffioti, Stefano; Celle, G; Picciotto, Antonino

doi:10.1159/000045362

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The prevalence among our hemodialysis patients (22%) is in agreement with that reported by investigators in other developed nations, such as Germany [19][20][21], Australia [22], Greece [23] and Austria [24], although lower prevalences were found in Belgium [25] and northern Italy [26] and a value close to 30% was observed in Munich [27]. Similarly, the frequency of anti-GBV-C antibodies in drug users (39%) is in the range of 30.4%-47.2% observed in Croatia [28], Germany [7], Slovenia [28], Australia [22] and Greece [29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Antibodies to the E2 Protein of GB Virus C/Hepatitis G Virus: Prevalence and Risk Factors in Different Populations in Italy

et al. 2001

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GBV-C infections are widespread in the general population in Italy and particularly common in risk groups. The different prevalence of GBV-C antibodies detected in third world immigrants is likely to reflect the prevalence in the countries of origin. However, the observation that the length of residency in Italy is a significant risk factor may suggest that at least some GBV-C infections are contracted in Italy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Antibodies to the E2 Protein of GB Virus C/Hepatitis G Virus: Prevalence and Risk Factors in Different Populations in Italy

et al. 2001

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“…Although a positive correlation between the prevalence of HGV infection and the history and/or amounts of blood transfusion have been reported in some studies [37,38]; other studies have found no such connections [16,39]. In our study; HGV exposure was not significantly different in children with and without history of blood transfusion; however patients with ongoing infection have significantly more frequent blood transfusions in the last 12 months preceding sampling in comparison to patients without ongoing infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis G virus infection in Egyptian children with chronic renal failure (single centre study)

Hammad

Zaghloul

2009

Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials

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BackgroundHepatitis G virus (HGV) is an RNA virus. It is mainly transmitted through exposure to contaminated blood although other routes may also exist. Patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) are at high risk of acquiring HGV because they require frequent blood transfusions. Ongoing HGV infection can be only diagnosed by demonstrating viremia in patient sample by reverse transcriptase (RT) PCR. Antibodies to the envelop protein E2 (anti E2) of HGV is an indicator of virus clearance and testify past HGV contact. This cross sectional study was done to assess the frequency of HGV exposure (ongoing and past infection) in Egyptian children with CRF and to study the possible risk factors of infection.MethodsThis study included 100 children with CRF [34 on regular haemodialysis (HD) and 66 before the start of dialysis (predialysis)]. All patients sera were tested for HGV RNA by RT-PCR, anti E2, hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAB). Twenty five healthy children of matched age & sex were used as controls.ResultsHGV RNA was positive in 9 (26.5%) of HD and 9 (13.6%) of predialysis children. Anti E2 was positive in 14 (41.2%) of HD and 19 (28.8%) of predialysis children.In comparison to controls; CRF (n = 100); HD and predialysis children had significantly higher prevalence of anti E2 [4% VS 33% for all CRF cases; (p = 0.002)& 41.2% (p = 0.002) and 28.8% (p = 0.01); for HD and predialysis groups; respectively]. HGV RNA was significantly more prevalent only in HD children in comparison to controls (p = 0.03). HD and predialysis children did not have significant difference in the prevalence of HGV RNA (p = 0.16) or anti E2 (p = 0.26).HGV exposure was not correlated with positivity of anti HCV (p = 0.32), HCV RNA (0.09), HBsAg/HBcAB (p = 1), age (p = 0.06), or gender (p = 0.83). It was significantly correlated with duration of the disease (p < 0.001). Ongoing HGV infection was significantly more prevalent with frequent blood transfusion (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in serum levels of ALT (p = 0.09), total bilirubin (p = 0.1) and albumin (p = 0.06) in children with ongoing infection in comparison to healthy controls.ConclusionsThe frequency of HGV exposure in Egyptian children with CRF appears to be high and is mainly related to frequent blood transfusions and longer disease duration. HGV infection in these children is not associated with significant changes in hepatic biochemical parameters.

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“…Viral hepatitis is a global health problem affecting millions of people worldwide and with a considerable mortality rate [1]. Most common causative agents are hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) [2, 3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Chronic Viral Hepatitis on Graft Survival in Saudi Renal Transplant Patients

Mitwalli¹,

Alam

Al-Wakeel³

et al. 2005

Nephron Clin Pract

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Background: In Saudi Arabia the prevalence of hepatitis C among hemodialysis patients is very high ranging from 60 to 80%. A large number of these dialysis patients go for renal transplant, resulting into a higher prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in renal transplant patients. Yet no current systematic report is available on the influence of hepatitis C status on patient and graft survival. The present study was therefore undertaken to address this objective. Methods: Retrospective analysis of data of 448 renal transplantation subjects was undertaken. The mean follow-up period was 5.85 ± 2.7 (median 5.3) years. The factors associated with renal graft survival were reviewed and these include: age, sex, and type of donor, immunosuppressive medication, episodes of infection, blood pressure, serum creatinine, and status of hepatitis. The primary end-points were renal graft function and patient survival. Logistic regression, COX regression analysis, and Kaplan-Meier survival estimates were used to evaluate the influence of hepatitis C on the above parameters. Results: Among 448 recipients of first kidney transplant patients, 286 (63.8%) were positive for HCV infection. In the HCV-positive group, 204 (71.32%) were males. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a significantly better graft survival for HCV-negative patients than HCV-positive patients (p < 0.001; log-rank test). Logistic regression analysis and COX regression analysis have shown different grades of graft dysfunction were present in HCV-positive patients after adjustment for covariates: age, sex, blood pressure, type of donor, and immunosuppressive medication; the presence of HCV was a major predictor of bad outcome and significantly influenced graft survival (odds ratio = 4.37; 95% Cl = 1.81–4.77). Significant deterioration of liver function was noted in HCV-positive patients at the last follow-up, taking ALT as a marker (ALT level 80.6 ± 5.8 U/l at the last follow-up versus 49.5 ± 32 U/l at baseline p ≤ 0.0001). Sixteen patients had a chronic active course and 1 patient developed biopsy-proven liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension. A serious and significantly greater incidence of fatal chest infections was seen in HCV-positive patients. Although mortality was greater in HCV-positive versus HCV-negative patients (20 vs. 7), the difference did not attain statistical significance (p = 0.23) and none of the patients died as a result of hepatic failure. Conclusion: The presence of HCV infection greatly influenced graft survival in renal transplant patients and a higher proportion of infected patients had renal and hepatic dysfunction. A significant increase in fatal chest infections was noted in HCV-positive patients. Overall mortality was higher in HCV-positive patients, but it was not statistically significant. All measures should be taken to prevent HCV transmission in the dialysis population. Renal transplant recipients with HCV infection need close monitoring for both graft and liver function.

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Hepatitis G Virus Infection in Haemodialysis and in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Antibodies to the E2 Protein of GB Virus C/Hepatitis G Virus: Prevalence and Risk Factors in Different Populations in Italy

Antibodies to the E2 Protein of GB Virus C/Hepatitis G Virus: Prevalence and Risk Factors in Different Populations in Italy

Hepatitis G virus infection in Egyptian children with chronic renal failure (single centre study)

Effect of Chronic Viral Hepatitis on Graft Survival in Saudi Renal Transplant Patients

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