Hepatitis Screening in Japanese Individuals of Working Age and Prejudice against Infected Persons in the Workplace

Sasaki, Nanae; Wada, Koji; Smith, Derek R.; Wang, Guoqin; Ohta, Hiroshi; Shibuya, Akitaka

doi:10.1539/joh.12-0266-fs

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Vietnam has a higher community HIV prevalence rate when compared to Japan (0.5% vs <0.1%) [ 45 ], and additional experiences with HIV care probably bring concomitant increases in knowledge and skills among middle-aged nurses; which may promote their willingness to care for infected patients [ 15 , 46 ]. Although educational strategies clearly represent an appropriate strategy for reducing HIV stigma and discrimination in healthcare practice [ 47 ], our study suggests that the healthcare worker’s age must also be carefully considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nurses’ willingness to care for patients infected with HIV or Hepatitis B / C in Vietnam

Ishimaru

Wada

Hoang

et al. 2017

Environ Health Prev Med

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ObjectivesThis study examined the factors associated with nurses’ willingness to care for patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis B or C virus (HBV/HCV) in Vietnam.MethodsA cross-section of 400 Vietnamese nurses from two hospitals were selected using stratified random sampling, to whom a self-administered questionnaire was administered which included demographic items, previous experience with patients infected with HIV or HBV/HCV, and their attitudes toward these patients. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression.ResultsThe lifetime prevalence of needlestick or sharps injury whilst caring for a patient infected with HIV or HBV/HCV was 9 and 15.8%, respectively. The majority of participants expressed a willingness to care for patients infected with HIV (55.8%) or HBV/HCV (73.3%). Willingness to care for HIV-infected patients was positively associated with being 40–49 years of age and confidence in protecting themselves against infection. Regarding HBV/HCV infection, willingness to care was positively associated with individual confidence in protecting themselves against infection.ConclusionsThis study revealed that Vietnamese nurses were somewhat willing to care for patients infected with HIV or HBV/HCV, and this was associated with individual confidence in protecting themselves against infection and with negative attitudes towards HIV and HBV/HCV. Establishing a positive safety culture and providing appropriate professional education to help reduce the stigma towards infected patients offers an effective way forwards to improve quality of care in Vietnam, as elsewhere.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nurses’ willingness to care for patients infected with HIV or Hepatitis B / C in Vietnam

Ishimaru

Wada

Hoang

et al. 2017

Environ Health Prev Med

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“…In Japan, health checkups are widely accepted opportunities to conduct various screening including for infectious diseases. For example, hepatitis B and C viral screening have been introduced as additional tests during regular health checkups in recent years 22 ) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV testing and attitudes among the working-age population of Japan: annual health checkups may offer an effective way forwards

2016

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In Japan, Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) for HIV has been recommended for people concerned about their infection risk, especially those in high-risk groups. Although HIV awareness has declined in this country somewhat during recent years, the number of newly-infected cases has been increasing. The purpose of the current study therefore, was to determine the prevalence of HIV testing, individuals’ reasons for being tested, and the overall acceptance of HIV testing among working-age Japanese. We utilized an anonymous, nationwide survey which was administered to a total of 3,055 participants aged 20–69 yr. The lifetime prevalence of HIV testing was 14% (2% within the past year). A gap was observed between a prior history of HIV testing and willingness to be tested in future (32%) or willingness to be tested during health checkups in the workplace (41%). HIV testing appears to have only been conducted among a limited number of working-age Japanese adults, even though some reported a willingness to be tested. Opportunities for VCT during workplace health checkups might offer an immediate and positive way forwards in the fight against HIV; however, privacy protection for test results and the acceptance of HIV-positive employees should be carefully considered in the workplace.

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“…To the best of the authors’ knowledge, few if any studies have been conducted in Japan which investigate reluctance to care for HIV, HBV or HCV patients. This is despite the fact that other Japanese researchers have shown that up to 40 % of non-health care workers might harbor a prejudicial perception of HIV and up to 24 % have shown a prejudicial perception of HBV / HCV [ 18 – 20 ]. The present study aimed, therefore, to determine the factors associated with Japanese nurses’ reluctance to care for patients infected with HIV or HBV / HCV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Reluctance to care for patients with HIV or hepatitis B / C in Japan

Wada

Smith

Ishimaru

2016

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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BackgroundHealthcare workers are faced with various professional dilemmas in the workplace, including at times, a reluctance to care for particular patients. This study investigated personal attitudes and factors influencing Japanese nurses’ reluctance to care for patients infected with HIV, Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), or Hepatitis C Virus (HCV).MethodsParticipants completed an anonymous online survey focusing on potential attitudes towards hypothetical patients, awareness of infection risk and their confidence in using precautions to prevent infection. Statistical associations were analyzed using Poisson regression models.ResultsRegarding personal attitudes, 41 % and 18 % of nurses agreed or somewhat agreed that they would be reluctant to care for a hypothetical patient infected with HIV or HBV / HCV, respectively. Reluctance to care for patients with HIV or HBV / HCV was positively associated with prejudicial attitudes and negatively associated with confidence in personal safety precautions. Hypothetical reluctance to care for patients with HBV / HCV was negatively associated with actual previous experience caring for HBV / HCV patients. Older age among nurses (≥50 years) was positively associated with an increased reluctance to care for hypothetical patients with HIV.ConclusionsOverall, this study suggests that anxiety arising from perceived infection risk and having a prejudicial attitude might affect the acceptance of infected patients, while personal confidence in universal precautions probably mitigates this situation. Improving nurses’ confidence in using universal precautions therefore represents a positive measure that can help reduce prejudice and improve the quality of healthcare services in Japan, as elsewhere.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12884-016-0822-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Hepatitis Screening in Japanese Individuals of Working Age and Prejudice against Infected Persons in the Workplace

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Nurses’ willingness to care for patients infected with HIV or Hepatitis B / C in Vietnam

Nurses’ willingness to care for patients infected with HIV or Hepatitis B / C in Vietnam

HIV testing and attitudes among the working-age population of Japan: annual health checkups may offer an effective way forwards

Reluctance to care for patients with HIV or hepatitis B / C in Japan

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