Hepatocarcinogenic activity of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine in rats is not modified by sodium l-ascorbate

Abstract

Male F344 and Wistar Shionogi (WS) rats were treated with 0.05% N‐butyl‐N‐(4‐hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN) for 20 weeks and then killed at week 36 (experiment 1). Although reduction of body weight increase was found, no effects on liver weights were noted. Formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded liver tissues from rats killed terminally were cut and stained for glutathione S‐transferase placental form (GST‐P) immunohistochemically. Marked elevation of quantitative values of small GST‐P positive (GST‐P+) foci were apparent in both strains of rat administered BBN. In experiment 2, both sexes of F344 rats were given 0.05% BBN in the drinking water for 4 weeks and then fed diet containing 0 or 5.0% sodium L‐ascorbate (SA) for 32 weeks. No body and liver weight changes were evident in any group. Quantitative values for small GST‐P+ foci were increased in both sexes of rats exposed to BBN but were not modified by additional SA treatment. Thus, it was confirmed that the selective bladder carcinogen BBN also acts as a liver carcinogen. These results, from the quantitative analysis of small GST‐P+ foci as end point marker lesions, indicate that the liver tumor modifying potential of test chemicals can be evaluated in rats by using an initiation/promotion protocol for urinary bladder carcinogenesis. Teratogenesis Carcinog. Mutagen. 19:33–42, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Dietary antioxidants in the prevention of hepatocarcinogenesis: A review

“…Sodium ascorbate also did not affect the development of PGST‐positive foci induced by DEN 145. In rats administered 0.05% N ‐butyl‐ N ‐(4‐hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine, feeding 5% sodium ascorbate did not affect the development of altered hepatic foci 146. In rats receiving kojic acid as a tumor promoting agent, Takabatake et al .…”

Induction of DNA‐adducts and increase of 8‐hydroxy‐2‐deoxyguanosine, but no development of preneoplastic lesions in offspring liver with transplacental and trans‐breast milk exposure to 2‐amino‐3,8‐dimethylimidazo [4,5‐f]quinoxaline (MelQx) in rats

“…8,10,35) Recently, quantitative data for GST-P-positive foci comprising very small numbers of hepatocytes have been used for detection of liver carcinogens and assessment of hepatocarcinogenic risk. 11,17,32,36) It has been demonstrated that levels of MeIQx-DNA adducts linearly increase from very low doses, but this is not the case for GST-P-positive foci development. 11,17) Our present data also demonstrated that maternal exposure to MeIQx during the period of pregnancy and lactation did not increase the number of GST-P-positive foci in the liver despite causing genetic damage.…”