Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Malaysia and Its Changing Trend

Raihan, Ruksana; Azzeri, Amirah; Shabaruddin, Fatiha Hana; Mohamed, Rosmawati

doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1259

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…According to a previous study, the main causes of HCC among Indians are alcohol-related and cryptogenic. Meanwhile, viral hepatitis B infection was the leading cause of HCC among Malay and Chinese people [ 6 , 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma in type 2 diabetes patients: A two-centre study in a developing country

Azit

Sahran

Meng³

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasingly known as a risk factor of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we determined the risk factors associated with HCC in T2DM patients. This was a matched case-control study conducted at two hepatobiliary referral centres in a developing country. Patients’ sociodemographic, clinical, and biochemical characteristics between 1 January 2012 and 30 June 2018 were extracted from the electronic medical records and analysed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. A total of 212 case-control pairs were included. Significant risk factors included Chinese and Malay ethnicities that interacted with viral hepatitis (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 11.77, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.39–99.79) and (AOR = 37.94, 95% CI: 3.92–367.61) respectively, weight loss (AOR = 5.28, 95% CI: 2.29–12.19), abdominal pain/ discomfort (AOR = 6.73, 95% CI: 3.34–13.34), alcohol (AOR = 4.08, 95% CI: 1.81–9.22), fatty liver (AOR = 3.29, 95% CI: 1.40–7.76), low platelet (AOR = 4.03, 95% CI:1.90–8.55), raised alanine transaminase (AOR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.16–3.86). and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels (AOR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.17–4.00). Statins reduced the risk of HCC by 63% (AOR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.21–0.65). The identification of these factors aids the risk stratification for HCC among T2DM patients for early detection and decision-making in patient management in the primary care setting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma in type 2 diabetes patients: A two-centre study in a developing country

Azit

Sahran

Meng³

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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“…Genotype C along with genotype D carries a higher risk for developing cirrhosis and HCC. 31 Thus, it is expected that the demand for liver transplantation will increase. Also, studies have shown that the incidence of end-stage liver disease secondary to HCV is projected to rise, 32 increasing the burden of end stage liver disease furthermore.…”

Section: Barriers To Liver Transplantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver Transplantation in Malaysia: Needs, Obstacles, and Opportunities

et al. 2021

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“…HBV is the most predominant etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis in Malaysia [ 6 , 7 ]. HBV infection attributed to 51.3% of all hepatocellular carcinoma cases in Malaysia, whereas the incidence of cryptogenic cases having doubled within 10 years accounted for 35.7% of local hepatocellular carcinoma cases [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the knowledge, awareness, and attitudes of the public towards liver diseases in Malaysia

Mohamed

Yip²,

Singh³

2023

European Journal of Gastroenterology &Amp; Hepatology

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Background Viral hepatitis B and C (HBV, HCV) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are the commonest etiologies of liver-related deaths in Malaysia. Herein, this study aims to explore and understand the knowledge and attitudes of the public toward liver-related health and diseases in Malaysia. Methods A cross-sectional, self-reported, web-based questionnaire was conducted among 500 adults between February and March 2020. Questionnaire items pertained to the knowledge and attitudes toward liver-related health and diseases. Results Half of the respondents were aged ≥35 years and 52.0% were males. Gaps in knowledge included the lack of awareness of different types of hepatitis, including the potential transmission risks and complications of HBV and HCV. About half acknowledged liver fibrosis and cirrhosis as key determinants of liver-related disease progression. A higher proportion rightly recognized the diagnostic test for HCV (40.8%) than HBV (30.0%) despite more being aware of HBV than HCV. Less than one-third were aware of the risk factors, screening tests, and complications of NAFLD. Despite the majority (92.8%) agreeing that regular screening was important for liver health, only 67.0% attended recent health screening and one-fifth were unlikely to seek medical consultation upon exposure to viral hepatitis risk factors. Reasons for this low urgency included the perception of being healthy, cost-related concerns, and societal discrimination. Conclusion Robust education efforts are needed to raise awareness and empower the community with knowledge of liver-related diseases, particularly viral hepatitis and NAFLD in Malaysia.

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Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Malaysia and Its Changing Trend

Cited by 15 publications

References 116 publications

Risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma in type 2 diabetes patients: A two-centre study in a developing country

Risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma in type 2 diabetes patients: A two-centre study in a developing country

Liver Transplantation in Malaysia: Needs, Obstacles, and Opportunities

Understanding the knowledge, awareness, and attitudes of the public towards liver diseases in Malaysia

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