Hepatocellular carcinoma: MR imaging.

Itoh, Kyo; Nishimura, K; Togashi, Kaori; Fujisawa, Ichiro; Noma, Satoshi; Minami, Shunsuke; Sagoh, T; Nakano, Yoshihisa; Itoh, H; Mori, Koreaki

doi:10.1148/radiology.164.1.3035606

Cited by 106 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…The massive tissue damage due to HCC would enable T 1 -weighted MR imaging to visualize the HCC-related tissue alterations. The hyperintense regions are generally identified as HCC in T 1 -weighted MR images of the liver in the human [4,9,14]. We tried to image hepatic regions under the T 1 -weighted conditions, but those regions were not clearly distinguished from the other regions (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MR Imaging of Hepatic Injury in the LEC Rat under a High Magnetic Field (7.05T).

Asanuma

Hirano

Yamamoto

et al. 1999

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Visualization of copper-induced hepatitis (CuH) in LEC rats was performed by using an MRI apparatus equipped with a magnet producing a high magnetic field of 7.05 T. When three groups of LEC rats (6-16 [pre-hepatitis], 15-26 [acute hepatitis] and 40-77 [chronic hepatitis] weeks old) were examined by MRI under T 2 -weighted imaging conditions which are suitable for the diagnosis of human hepatitis, hypointense MR images of the livers were, as a whole, obtained in all groups, suggesting that these conditions were not adequate for imaging of CuH of LEC rats. The shortening of the T 1 and T 2 relaxation times of livers due to an excess amount of paramagnetic irons under the high magnetic field was responsible for the lowering of MR signal intensities of the livers, especially those of 15 to 26-week old rats showing acute hepatitis. However, theoretical calculation of the MR signal intensities using the T1 and T2 relaxation times of the livers indicated that their imaging might be possible under proton density-weighted conditions even with a high magnetic field. Experimental results showed that hepatic injury was visualized as hyperintense regions in the MR image of the liver in the acute-phase rat.-KEY WORDS: hepatitis, LEC rat, MRI, T 1 and T 2 relaxation times.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 61(3): 239-244, 1999 from the livers of three groups at 7.05 T proved that MR imaging of the livers was impossible in all groups under the T 2 -weighted conditions. However, this result also suggested that MR imaging of the livers might be possible under proton density-weighted conditions. Therefore, in the present study we examined whether MR imaging at 7.05 T under proton density-weighted conditions was adequate to image copper-induced hepatitis in LEC rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals:Male LEC and male Wistar rats were maintained under conventional conditions at the Experimental Animal Facility of the Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine of Hokkaido University. They were fed a regular diet and water ad libitum in an air-conditioned animal room at 22 ± 3°C with a relative humidity of 55 ± 5% [1,8,11,21]. LEC rats were divided into three groups: pre-hepatitis (6 to 16 weeks old, n=6), acute hepatitis (15 to 26 weeks old, n=6) and chronic hepatitis (40 to 77 weeks old, n=6). Severe jaundice, as a symptom of fulminant hepatitis, was judged by ocular inspection [21]. Wistar rats (16 to 40 weeks old, n=6) were chosen as a reference standard.MRI: Proton MR images at a 7.05 T were obtained as previously described [1,8,11]. After anesthetization, each rat was positioned supine in the probe running parallel to zaxis of the magnet, and fixed to a cradle using adhesive tape to minimize artifacts due to respiratory motions. After adjusting the coils, MR images of the transversal sections of the hepatic region were taken using a spin echo (SE) sequence with four acquisitions and pulse width of 4 kHz. The pulse sequence conditions for T 1 -, T 2 -and proton density-weighted imagings were repetition time (TR)/echo time (TE) = 500/20, 2,...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MR Imaging of Hepatic Injury in the LEC Rat under a High Magnetic Field (7.05T).

Asanuma

Hirano

Yamamoto

et al. 1999

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Survival rates of patients with portal thrombi are much poorer than those without portal thrombi [14]. Portal vein tumor thrombus has been reported using noninvasive examinations, including US [23], dynamic CT [11,12,24], and MR [25,26]. US is reportedly a valuable means of detecting portal thrombi, with 64% sensitivity and 98% specificity [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatocellular carcinoma: Prospective assessments of the T-factor with CT, US, and MR imaging

et al. 1993

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The capabilities of computed tomography (CT), ultrasonography (US), and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging were studied in order to determine the role of each of these noninvasive examinations for estimating the T-factor of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). Fifty-one patients with surgically proven HCCs received CT (50 patients), US (46 patients), and MR (44 patients). The images of CT, US, and MR were prospectively evaluated for main tumor size, intrahepatic metastases, and vascular invasion, which compose the T-factor of HCC, and compared to pathological results. The sizes of the main tumor were estimated correctly by all examinations. For estimating intrahepatic metastases, US (74%) and MR (73%) were superior to CT (65%). For estimating portal invasion, CT (79%) was superior to US (70%) and MR (66%), because CT could demonstrate the segmental staining caused by portal invasion. The estimates of hepatic venous invasion were difficult during any of the examinations. We conclude that presurgical evaluations of the T-factor require the use of US and CT or MR and CT.

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“…Six of seven tumors had low-intensity areas or isointensity areas; one had a high-intensity area on the T1-weighted image, whereas all nine IMNs had high-intensity areas on the T2-weighted image. Among the 32 nodules in the IMN-I11 group, 13 (41%) were missed even after comprehensive diagnosis based on results from all modalities performed. On the other hand, false-positive diagnoses were made with US in two masses, with CT in one mass and with AG in one mass.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Six intrahepatic metastatic tumors not exceeding 5 mm in diameter were missed in all the imaging examinations. The detection rate was 60% in 13 Despite the decline of mortality rate during hospital stay in surgical patients with HCC (l), the long-term survival rate after curative resection remains low because of the high rate of recurrence (2-5). Most recurrences develop in the remnant liver (3).…”

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confidence: 99%

Limitations of Current Preoperative Liver Imaging Techniques for Intrahepatic Metastatic Nodules of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

et al. 1992

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To determine the limitations of the latest techniques in preoperative liver imaging for hepatocellular carcinoma, 20 patients with histologically proven intrahepatic metastatic tumors were studied. In 32 masses, we were able to assess the relationship between these intrahepatic metastatic tumors and the findings of preoperative imaging individually. Six intrahepatic metastatic tumors not exceeding 5 mm in diameter were missed in all the imaging examinations. The detection rate was 60% in 13 intrahepatic metastatic tumors of 5 to 10 mm, 77% in 10 intrahepatic metastatic tumors of 10 to 20 mm and 100% in 3 intrahepatic metastatic tumors exceeding 20 mm. In total, computed tomographic imaging during arterial portography demonstrated the highest rate of detection (40%) of all the studies performed. Magnetic resonance imaging, which was recently introduced, was rather disappointing (31%) in this series. In two patients, intrahepatic metastatic tumors were only histologically confirmed. Our study suggests a low rate of detection of intrahepatic metastatic tumors with current preoperative imaging modalities. For improvement of prognosis after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma adjuvant therapy and extended hepatectomy seem necessary if the functional capacity of the remaining liver permits.

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Hepatocellular carcinoma: MR imaging.

Cited by 106 publications

References 0 publications

MR Imaging of Hepatic Injury in the LEC Rat under a High Magnetic Field (7.05T).

MR Imaging of Hepatic Injury in the LEC Rat under a High Magnetic Field (7.05T).

Hepatocellular carcinoma: Prospective assessments of the T-factor with CT, US, and MR imaging

Limitations of Current Preoperative Liver Imaging Techniques for Intrahepatic Metastatic Nodules of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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