Hepatogenesis and hepatocarcinogenesis: Alignment of the main signaling pathways

Abstract

Development is a symphony of cells differentiation in which different signaling pathways are orchestrated at specific times and periods to form mature and functional cells from undifferentiated cells. The similarity of the gene expression profile in malignant and undifferentiated cells is an interesting topic that has been proposed for many years and gave rise to the differentiation-therapy concept, which appears a rational insight and should be reconsidered. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as the sixth common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide, is one of the health-threatening complications in communities where hepatotropic viruses are endemic. Sedentary lifestyle and high intake of calories are other risk factors. HCC is a complex condition in which various dimensions must be addressed, including heterogeneity of cells in the tumor mass, high invasiveness, and underlying diseases that limit the treatment options. Under these restrictions, recognizing, and targeting common signaling pathways during liver development and HCC could expedite to a rational therapeutic approach, reprograming malignant cells to well-differentiated ones in a functional state. Accordingly, in this review, we

FNBP4 is a Potential Biomarker Associated with Cuproptosis and Promotes Tumor Progression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“…However, HCC progression is a complex multifactorial process involving the accumulation of different types of damage, complex signal transduction, and heterogeneity. [34][35][36] Therefore, exploring the key molecules and mechanisms involved in the occurrence and development of HCC is necessary to improve the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment.…”

Association between gut microbiota and hepatocellular carcinoma from 2011 to 2022: Bibliometric analysis and global trends

“…Hepatocarcinogenesis occurrence has various causes, involving factors including environmental factors, cell cycle metabolism, and the immune system, all of which are associated with activation of proto-oncogenes and inactivation in tumor suppressor genes ( 16 ). Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, alcohol abuse and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common cause of chronic hepatitis and HCC worldwide ( 17 , 18 ). Some studies have found that the gut microbiota has significant influence in the development of liver cirrhosis, liver ischemic injury, NAFLD, HCC, and liver graft rejection ( 19 – 22 ).…”