Hepatoprotective effect of Omega-3 PUFAs against acute paracetamol-induced hepatic injury confirmed by FTIR

Abstract

Acute paracetamol over dose-induced hepatotoxicity is considered an important medical hazard especially among women. Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (Omega-3 PUFAs) daily doses are nowadays recommended for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is considered a reliable method in analyzing cellular alterations and is now efficiently used to diagnose several diseases and the efficacy of drugs even in the early stages. The aim of our study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of Omega-3 PUFAs against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats confirmed through measuring protein alterations in hepatocytes by FTIR. Rats were pretreated with Omega-3 PUFAs (50 and 100 mg/kg) for 21 days prior to oral ingestion of paracetamol. FTIR results revealed that Omega-3 PUFAs (50 mg/kg) limited the toxic effects of paracetamol by restoring the hepatic amide I to amide II ratio. In addition; biochemical analyses demonstrated that serum ALT, AST, Cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and Il-6 levels as well as hepatic TNF-α, MDA, NOx levels were decreased. Besides; serum HDL-cholesterol level and hepatic GSH level were increased. Histopathological examinations of hepatic sections validated the hepatoprotective potential. The overall effect of this dose was comparable to those of the usual recommended hepatoprotective supplement; silymarin. In conclusion; it would be recommended to use Omega-3 PUFAs in low doses on daily bases as a hepatoprotective agent.

Carvacrol hinders the progression of hepatic fibrosis via targeting autotaxin and thioredoxin in thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in rat

“…2,8 The growing demand for natural and nutritious foods without chemical additives stimulates many researchers to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of natural compounds, such as naturally occurring antioxidants that cause a range of biological activities. 9 As ROS are activation candidate driver for HSCs and up-regulator of collagen, the anti-oxidant supplements can emerge as potentially anti-fibrotic agents either by protecting hepatocytes from ROS, or by inhibiting hepatic stellate cell activation. 10,11 Carvacrol is a common monoterpene phenol that is present in several significant oil species.…”

Probing the antioxidant potential of Juglans regia (walnut) against arthritis‐induced oxidative stress in Sprague Dawley rats

“…However, improvement in these biomarkers after extract-based interventions may be attributed to their bioactive moieties including phenolic compounds and essential fatty acids (Banji et al, 2011;Borashan et al, 2008;El-Gendy et al, 2020;Hussain et al, 2016).…”

Synthesis of encapsulated fish oil using whey protein isolate to prevent the oxidative damage and cytotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats

“…In the biological evaluation, the dose of TiO 2 -NPs was selected based on the previous work of Shakeel et al. (2016) ; however, the dose of EMFO was based on the work of El-Gendy et al. (2021) .…”

“…Moreover, it was reported that diet supplemented with ω-3 PUFAs increased cytochrome P450 2El (CYP2E1) content in the liver ( Maksymchuk, 2014 ) with no significant changes in the lipid peroxidation or the balance between the hepatic prooxidant/antioxidant ( Maksymchuk et al., 2015 ) Our results showed that EMFO diminished the increase of cytokines (AFP, TNF-α and CEA) levels in animals received TiO 2 -NPs. In this concern, previous reports indicated that ω-3 PUFAs suppress the arachidonic acid transformation into the pro-inflammatory eicosanoids via different pathways including cyclooxygenase-2 and 5-lipoxygenase through inhibiting eicosanoid-generating enzymes activity or competing with the substrate in addition to the effect of their metabolites such as protectins and resolvins in hindering the steatosis and inflammation ( El-Gendy et al., 2021 ; Wu et al., 2019 ). Moreover, ω-3 PUFAs were found to decrease the inflammation via the reduction of NF-kB concentration which in turn decreases the production of the inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1b and TNF-a beside the reduction of arachidonic acid-derived eicosanoids, consequently protect against the oxidative stress ( Scorletti and Byrne, 2013 ).…”

“…GIT resulted in the toxicity to different organs such as serum, kidney, liver, seminal vesicle, and testes(Bu et al 2010). In the biological evaluation, the dose of TiO2-NPs was selected based on the previous work ofShakeel et al (2016); however, the dose of EMFO was based on the work ofEl-Gendy et al (2021).In this study, animals that received TiO2-NPs exhibited a notable reduction in body weight. Previous reports pointed out that administration of NPs resulted in the shortage of macro and microelements in the body through their effect on the digestion and/or absorption of the food components and led to the reduction of body weight of animals(McClements et al 2016).…”