Hepatozoon canis: The prevalence of antibodies and gametocytes in dogs in Israel

Abstract

A survey for the prevalence of antibodies to Hepatozoon canis and for intraneutrophilic H. canis gametocytes in the peripheral blood neutrophils of dogs in Israel showed that 33.1% were seropositive, while only 1% of the dogs sampled had detectable parasites in their blood smears. Exposure to H. canis is widespread but it appears that most infected dogs undergo a subclinical infection and only a small proportion develop clinical disease.

Brazilian canine hepatozoonosis

“…Shkap et al (1994) described an indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT), based on detection of antibodies that were reactive with H. canis gamonts. IFAT was able to detect IgM in dogs from 16 to 39 days after infection and IgG 22 to 43 days after infection, thus confirming its applicability as a diagnostic test for seroprevalence studies (BANETH et al, 1996;BANETH et al, 1998;INOKUMA et al, 1999;KARAGENC et al, 2006). Baneth et al (2000a) developed a technique for purifying H. canis gamonts from peripheral blood neutrophils, thereby enabling assessment of antigenic characteristics by means of western blot analysis.…”

“…The first observation of an intraleukocytic parasite of mammals was made by Bentley, in India in 1904, who published a "preliminary BANETH et al, 1996). The species found in USA was assumed to be a particularly virulent strain of H. canis (CRAIG et al, 1978).…”

Retrospective study of clinical and hematological aspects associated with dogs naturally infected by Hepatozoon canis in Ludhiana, Punjab, India

“…H. canis, firstly reported in India [1] , is the cause of old world canine hepatozoonosis, which generally leads to a mild disease that affects the spleen, lymph nodes and bone marrow, resulting in anaemia and lethargy. The disease is transmitted by the ingestion of definitive host of H. canis, the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, and animals from neonatal to adult age which are Contents lists available at ScienceDirect infected [2] . The host range of H. canis in carnivores is not yet elucidated, but the presence of Helicobacter felis and H. canis in both domestic and wild animals suggest that they are not host specific and the same parasite causes infection in domestic and wild felids and canids in different parts of the world [3] .…”

Canine hepatozoonosis: an update

“…Η συχνότητα μόλυνσης από το Η. canis στο γενικό πληθυσμό των σκύλων, σε δυο σχετικά πρόσφατες ορο λογικές μελέτες, κυμάνθηκε από 4.2% στην Ιαπωνία έως 33.1% στο Ισραήλ (Baneth et al 1996, Inokuma et al 1999). Σε ανάλογες επιζωοτιολογικές μελέτες, η συχνό τητα ανεύρεσης γαμετοκυττάρων, σε επιχρίσματα περι φερικού αίματος σκύλων, κυμάνθηκε από 1% έως 39.2% (Ezeokoli et al 1983, Rajamanickam et al 1984, Baneth et al 1996, O, Dwyer et al 2001).…”

“…Σε ανάλογες επιζωοτιολογικές μελέτες, η συχνό τητα ανεύρεσης γαμετοκυττάρων, σε επιχρίσματα περι φερικού αίματος σκύλων, κυμάνθηκε από 1% έως 39.2% (Ezeokoli et al 1983, Rajamanickam et al 1984, Baneth et al 1996, O, Dwyer et al 2001). Στην Ελλάδα, το H. canis διαπιστώθηκε για πρώτη φορά στο σκΰλο το 1980 (Kontos and Koutinas 1990).…”