Heptadecanols from the leaves of Persea americana var. americana

Lee, Tzong-Huei; Tsai, Yow-Fu; Huang, Tsung-Hui; Chen, Pi-Yu; Liang, Wen-Li; Lee, Ching-Kuo

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.11.067

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In brief, fatty alcohols isolated from avocado showed different degrees of unsaturation and alkyl chain length with several levels of hydroxylation and subsequent acetylation (Figure 1). These fatty alcohols have been reported to exhibit antiviral, cytotoxic, antifungal, trypanocidal, and antioxidant activity [10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21]. Phenolic compounds (Figure 2, and Table 1) of different chemical classes from simple organic acids such as gallic acid to larger flavonoids, anthocyanidins, and tocopherols were isolated from Persea species with significant antioxidant, neuroprotective and cardioprotective activities [22,23,24,25,26,27,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Odyssey of Bioactive Compounds in Avocado (Persea americana) and Their Health Benefits

et al. 2019

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Persea americana, commonly known as avocado, has recently gained substantial popularity and is often marketed as a “superfood” because of its unique nutritional composition, antioxidant content, and biochemical profile. However, the term “superfood” can be vague and misleading, as it is often associated with unrealistic health claims. This review draws a comprehensive summary and assessment of research performed in the last few decades to understand the nutritional and therapeutic properties of avocado and its bioactive compounds. In particular, studies reporting the major metabolites of avocado, their antioxidant as well as bioavailability and pharmacokinetic properties, are summarized and assessed. Furthermore, the potential of avocado in novel drug discovery for the prevention and treatment of cancer, microbial, inflammatory, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases is highlighted. This review also proposes several interesting future directions for avocado research.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Odyssey of Bioactive Compounds in Avocado (Persea americana) and Their Health Benefits

et al. 2019

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“…As shown in supplementary Table S2, eleven peaks presented the characteristic ion pattern reported for acetogenins [4,15]. Putative structures for the eleven peaks were included in supplementary Table S2, and were tentatively assigned based on correspondence of their ESI-TOF-MS spectra with those of other acetogenins previously reported in literature [14,16,22,23,24,25].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Other scientific works have also reported the presence of Persin ( 7 ) and other acetogenins in avocado pulp [24,36,40]; however, their results were expressed as standard graphs (i.e., peak height vs. sample weight in mg) in µg acetogenins idioblast·cells −1 , or as ratios of acetogenin contents in different tissues, respectively. Consequently, it was not feasible to compare their data with our results or prior quantifications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Profile and Safety Assessment of a Food-Grade Acetogenin-Enriched Antimicrobial Extract from Avocado Seed

et al. 2019

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Acetogenins are bioactive fatty acid derivatives found in avocado tissues. Their efficacy as antimicrobials has been documented and initiated interest to use them as replacements of synthetic food additives. The present work focused on evaluation of multiple analytical methodologies for detection and quantification of organic solids present in a food-grade acetogenin-enriched extract (Avosafe®), and on its safety evaluations using bacterial reverse mutation (AMES) tests and acute oral toxicity to rat assays. Results confirmed chemical structures of two acetogenins as present in Avosafe® (AcO-avocadyne-(0) and AcO-avocadiene B-(3)), and together with seven other previously known compounds, quantified 94.74 ± 5.77% w/w of its solids as acetogenins. Safety evaluations indicated that Avosafe® was non-mutagenic and had an acute median lethal oral dose (LD50) to rats higher than the maximum concentration tested (>2000 mg·kg−1), with no signs of macroscopic abnormalities in organs. Mean body weight and hematological and biochemical parameters were normal after 14 days of a single oral dose of 2000 mg·kg−1. The results advance scientific information on the safety of avocado seed acetogenins and also generate new knowledge on profiles and concentrations of individual acetogenins found in avocado tissues (seed, pulp, and leaves) and in Avosafe®.

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“…This restoration of lipid profile is traceable to the prevention of Nf-kB activation and subsequent expression of other inflammatory cytokines. The prevention of Nf-kB activation by extract of P. americana could be attributed to the high content of polyphenols with potent antioxidant potentials [15][16][17]. Antiinflammatory activity of polyphenols has been previously studied [49][50][51].…”

Section: And Rifampicin Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Lauraceae) is a subtropical tree with several medicinal potentials that have been exploited in folkloric medicine [15]. Its oil has been used as a topical remedy for wounds [16] and skin diseases [17]. Its leaves extract exhibit analgesic [15], antiinflammatory [18], anticonvulsant as well as cholesterollowering activities in experimental animals [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ameliorative potentials of Persea americana leaf extract on toxicants - induced oxidative assault in multiple organs of wistar albino rat

2021

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Background Persea americana (PA) is a popular medicinal plant in folkloric medicines. The present study therefore investigates the ameliorative potentials of its leaves extract on carbon tetrachloride and rifampicin-induced toxicity in the liver, kidney and heart of albino rat. This was aimed at assessing the potentials of the plant in the management of liver, kidney and heart diseases. Methodology Forty (40) rats were randomly divided into eight (8) groups of five animals each. Groups I and II were administered with only distilled water and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) respectively. Groups III and IV animals received 3.0 ml/kg bw of CCl4 and were treated with the extract at 50 mg/kg bw and 100 mg/kg respectively, while group V received 100 mg/kg bw. of silymarin orally for 14 days. Groups VI animals were administered with rifampicin (250 mg/kg bw.) only, while groups VII and VIII animals received rifampicin and were treated with 50 mg and 100 mg/kg bw of the extract respectively. Activities of creatine kinase, aspartate amino transferase, alanine amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase, superoxide dismutase, catalase as well as levels of urea, uric acid, bilirubin and malonidialdehyde (MDA) were assayed. Lipid profiles and histopathological examination of liver and kidney slices were also performed. Result Treatment with P. americana significantly (p < 0.05) restored all deranged biochemical parameters (creatine kinase, aspartate amino transferase, alanine amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase, urea, uric acid, bilirubin, MDA, lipid profile as well as superoxide dismutase and catalase) in a dose-dependent manner. Normal hepatic and renal histoarchitecture were also restored following treatment with P. americana. Conclusion Amelioration of distorted cardiac, hepatic and renal histoarchitecture as well as restoration of lipid profile, biomarkers of liver and kidney injury and antioxidant enzymes (catalase and superoxide dismutase) affirm the potential usefulness of P. americana in the management of liver, kidney and heart diseases.

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Heptadecanols from the leaves of Persea americana var. americana

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

The Odyssey of Bioactive Compounds in Avocado (Persea americana) and Their Health Benefits

The Odyssey of Bioactive Compounds in Avocado (Persea americana) and Their Health Benefits

Chemical Profile and Safety Assessment of a Food-Grade Acetogenin-Enriched Antimicrobial Extract from Avocado Seed

Ameliorative potentials of Persea americana leaf extract on toxicants - induced oxidative assault in multiple organs of wistar albino rat

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