Heracleum orphanidis: chemical characterisation, and comparative evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities with specific interest in the influence on Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1

Abstract

GC-FID and GC-MS were used to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil of the aerial parts of Heracleum orphanidis Boiss. Also, the HPLC-DAD/ESI-ToF-MS profile of the methanol extracts of aerial parts and roots was determined. The main components of the essential oil were n-octanol, octyl hexanoate and n-octyl acetate, while coumarins were the most prevalent compounds in methanol extracts. An evaluation of antioxidant activity showed that the methanol and aqueous extracts of the aerial parts had the highest potential. In terms of antimicrobial activity determined by microdilution assays, the essential oil and methanol extract of the roots showed the greatest effectiveness. The colonies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 treated with H. orphanidis samples produced less toxic pyocyanin, showed lower twitching and flagella mobility and biofilm formatting was reduced. The analyses in this study showed the considerable biological potential of H. orphanidis considering free radicals and various pathogenic strains, including the wild type of P. aeruginosa.

Chemosystematic Significance of Essential Oil Constituents and Furanocoumarins of Underground Parts and Fruits of Nine Heracleum L. Taxa from Southeastern Europe

“…[10][37][46] [47] In addition, in the present work, 7 and 10-12 were identified in H. sphondylium underground parts, 1 -4, 8, 9 and 11 in H. sphondylium fruits, 1, 4, 9 and 11 in H. sibiricum underground parts, and 1, 3, 8 and 9 in H. sibiricum fruits. Obtained results also confirm the presence of previously tentatively (by LC/MS) identified furanocoumarins 3-6, 8, 9, 11 and 12 in the roots of H. orphanidis, [52] as well as preliminary (by TLC) identified furanocoumarins in H. montanum (6 in the roots, and 4 and 6 in the fruits), [53] and H. verticillatum (3, 5, 6, 8 and 9 in the roots, and 5, 6 and 8 in the fruits). [54] The dry CH 2 Cl 2 extracts of the underground parts of investigated members of the section Heracleum were qualitatively and quantitatively very similar ( Table 7).…”

Effectiveness of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids against microbial pathogens

“…Various compounds with antioxidant activity have been shown to possess antimicrobial activity (Mattos et al, 2016;Mileski et al, 2016;Albonetti et al, 2017). The effectiveness of a compound as an antioxidant is directly proportional to its antimicrobial effect (Fung et al, 1985), a phenomenon that is still unclear.…”

“…Sources include vegetables, legumes, nuts, fruits, and seeds (Nascimento et al, 2000;Wall et al, 2010). Studies have shown that such dietary products can provide humans with nourishment, and are the reservoirs of several therapeutic compounds for various diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, and cancer (Burlingame et al, 2009;Lopez-Romero et al, 2015;Pagliaro et al, 2015;Mattos et al, 2016;Mileski et al, 2016;Moss and Ramji, 2016). The FAs, among several phytochemical compounds, are equally important for human development and growth.…”

Essential oils of three cow parsnips – composition and activity against nosocomial and foodborne pathogens and food contaminants

“…39,45 Additionally, H. orphanidis aerial parts oil exhibited prominent antibacterial activity, and moreover, it inhibited P. aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm formation and synthesis of toxic pyocyanin, as well as reduced its twitching and flagella mobility. 51 The cytotoxic activity of the analyzed H. sphondylium, H. sibiricum and H. montanum root, leaf, flower and fruit essential oils was tested against the cell lines of common cancer types, i.e. on human malignant cervix adenocarcinoma HeLa, colon carcinoma LS174 and/or non-small cell lung carcinoma A549 cell lines (Table 4).…”