Heralded Storage of a Photonic Quantum Bit in a Single Atom

Kalb, Norbert; Reiserer, Andreas; Ritter, Stephan; Rempe, Gerhard

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.114.220501

Cited by 103 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The entangling efficiency has, however, been boosted to what we assume in our cavity-based scheme with NV centers for fair comparison. For trapped atoms, we use the results reported in [24] to calculate the key rate of a corresponding MA-MDI-QKD scheme as in Fig. 1(c).…”

Section: A Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond

2017

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Memory-assisted measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MA-MDI-QKD) has recently been proposed as a possible intermediate step towards the realization of quantum repeaters. Despite its relaxing some of the requirements on quantum memories, the choice of memory in relation to the layout of the setup and the protocol has a stark effect on our ability to beat existing no-memory systems. Here, we investigate the suitability of nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers, as quantum memories, in MA-MDI-QKD. We particularly show that moderate cavity enhancement is required for NV centers if we want to outperform no-memory QKD systems. Using system parameters mostly achievable by today's state of the art, we then anticipate some total key rate advantage in the distance range between 300 and 500 km for cavity-enhanced NV centers. Our analysis accounts for major sources of error including the dark current, the channel loss, and the decoherence of the quantum memories.

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Section: A Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1(a). For instance, in [24], the authors use 87 Rb atoms to realize the heralded transfer of a polarization qubit from a photon onto a single atom. However, the initialization time of the atom is around 140 μs, which restricts the repetition rate to below 10 kHz.…”

Section: Memory-assisted Mdi-qkd: the Basicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond

2017

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“…Further with only a 40% probability of finding the electron in spin state |0 e after relaxation, the efficiency of the storage process ideally reaches a value of ≈ 20% in the single photon picture (i.e., absorption and emission of only one photon). As there is no direct interaction between the memory (nuclear spin) and the incoming photon, unlike other systems [9,11], scattering photons would not lead to photon storage in our system.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…While e.g., atomic systems provide high interaction efficiency with photons, rare earth systems on the other hand show long coherence times, all are required for processing the absorbed/emitted photons. As opposed to ensembles, single particles though typically have a significantly less interaction efficiency with photons, however are useful for quantum networks due to their ability for in situ information processing [8][9][10][11], like entanglement purification [12,13].…”

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confidence: 99%

High-fidelity transfer and storage of photon states in a single nuclear spin

et al. 2016

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§ These authors contributed equally to this work Building a quantum repeater network for long distance quantum communication requires photons and quantum registers that comprise qubits for interaction with light, good memory capabilities and processing qubits for storage and manipulation of photons. Here we demonstrate a key step, the coherent transfer of a photon in a single solid-state nuclear spin qubit with an average fidelity of 98% and storage over 10 seconds. The storage process is achieved by coherently transferring a photon to an entangled electron-nuclear spin state of a nitrogen vacancy centre in diamond, confirmed by heralding through high fidelity single-shot readout of the electronic spin states. Stored photon states are robust against repetitive optical writing operations, required for repeater nodes. The photon-electron spin interface and the nuclear spin memory demonstrated here constitutes a major step towards practical quantum networks, and surprisingly also paves the way towards a novel entangled photon source for photonic quantum computing.A quantum repeater network is intended to distribute entanglement between distant nodes realizing an elementary quantum network [1]. Building up such a network requires photon sources (single or entangled pairs), processing nodes with the ability to make (i) optical or spin Bell-state measurements, (ii) long coherence times and (iii) ability for entanglement purification or quantumerror correction [2,3] . With such strong requirements it is hard to find physical systems meeting all of the above criteria. In this regard ensembles of atomic gases, trapped ions and solid state systems are intensively studied [1,2,[4][5][6][7]. While e.g., atomic systems provide high interaction efficiency with photons, rare earth systems on the other hand show long coherence times, all are required for processing the absorbed/emitted photons. As opposed to ensembles, single particles though typically have a significantly less interaction efficiency with photons, however are useful for quantum networks due to their ability for in situ information processing [8][9][10][11], like entanglement purification [12,13].For this reason solid state devices with well controllable spins are recently proposed to be promising candidates for quantum repeater networks [15,16]. The nitrogenvacancy (NV) defect centre in diamond does show significant potential in this respect. It provides a hybrid spin system in which electron spins are used for fast [17], high-fidelity control [18] and readout [19,20], and nuclear spins which are well-isolated from their environment yielding ultra-long coherence time [21]. Electron and nuclear spins could form a small-scale quantum register allowing for e.g. necessary high-fidelity quantum error correction. Furthermore, the NV electron spin can be entangled with an emitted optical photon [22,23]. Quantum entanglement and quantum teleportation between two remote NV centres have already been experimentally demonstrated [24,25]. A further and significant step towa...

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“…The resulting entanglement between the photon and the ion can be used to detect the photon through readout of the ion's state. These ideas have recently been realized in a series of impressive experiments with single trapped atoms inside free-space high-finesse cavities [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nondestructive photon detection using a single rare-earth ion coupled to a photonic cavity

et al. 2016

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We study the possibility of using single rare-earth ions coupled to a photonic cavity with high cooperativity for performing nondestructive measurements of photons, which would be useful for global quantum networks and photonic quantum computing. We calculate the achievable fidelity as a function of the parameters of the rare-earth ion and photonic cavity, which include the ion's optical and spin dephasing rates, the cavity linewidth, the single-photon coupling to the cavity, and the detection efficiency. We suggest a promising experimental realization using current state-of-the-art technology in Nd:YVO 4 .

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Heralded Storage of a Photonic Quantum Bit in a Single Atom

Cited by 103 publications

References 31 publications

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond

High-fidelity transfer and storage of photon states in a single nuclear spin

Nondestructive photon detection using a single rare-earth ion coupled to a photonic cavity

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