Herbage yield and nitrogen-fixation in a triple-species mixed sward of white clover, lotus and fescue

Danso, S. K. A.; Curbelo, S.; Labandera, C.; Pastorini, D.

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(91)90163-e

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Mixtures of N‐fixing legumes and grasses typically increase yield and quality of the two forages while reducing recommended N inputs for the grass (Danso, Curbelo, Labandera, & Pastorini, ; Haynes, ; Mallarino, Wedin, Goyenola, Perdomo, & West, ) and can benefit landscapes (Sleugh, Moore, George, & Brummer, ; Suter et al., ). However, our results show that E+TF/legume “mixtures” increase EV concentration without significantly increasing CT in BFT or saponins in Alf.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How planting configuration influences plant secondary metabolites and total N in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.): Implications for grazing management

Clemensen

Rottinghaus

Lee

et al. 2017

Grass and Forage Science

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Theories suggest that incorporating alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.; Alf) or birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.; BFT) into endophyte‐infected tall fescue (Festuca arundinaceas Schreb.; E+TF) pasturelands may improve livestock production. We investigated how planting configuration might influence plant secondary metabolites (PSM) and nitrogen concentration in these forages. Total nitrogen (N), in addition to condensed tannins (CT), saponins and ergovaline (EV), was compared in BFT, Alf and E+TF, respectively, when forages grew in monocultures and all possible two‐way “mixtures” using a block design with repeated measures in three blocks. Ergovaline (p < .01) and N (p < .001) concentrations in E+TF were greater when growing adjacent to legumes than when growing in monoculture, and N and EV concentrations in E+TF were positively correlated (r = .51; p = .001). No differences in saponins or CT were found when Alf or BFT grew in monoculture or in two‐way mixtures (p > .10). We conducted an in vitro trial to determine whether CT or saponins isolated from BFT and Alf, respectively, would bind to EV in water. Ergovaline bound to saponins to a greater extent (39%; SE = 0.25) than CT (5.1%; SE = 5.13; p < .05). Because EV was lower in E+TF monocultures than in E+TF–legume mixtures, and because CT and saponins may form complexes with EV which may alleviate fescue toxicosis, animals may benefit from systems which allow them to graze monoculture patches of E+TF and Alf or BFT rather than grass–legume mixtures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How planting configuration influences plant secondary metabolites and total N in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.): Implications for grazing management

Clemensen

Rottinghaus

Lee

et al. 2017

Grass and Forage Science

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“…We are not aware of any published work on lupin as an intercrop, even though legume-grass mixtures can improve the yield and nutritional quality of traditional grasses, and such intercrops require less fertilizer inputs for maximum yields (Haynes, 1980). Although soil N commonly inhibits N 2 fixation in legumes, the inhibitory effect is more serious in some species and cultivars than others (Danso et al, 1991). Methodologies using ~SN are very useful for estimating the various sources of total N in a plant, and therefore suitable for assessing how several factors, including soil N influenced N 2 fixation per se.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen accumulation in sole and mixed stands of sweet-blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.), ryegrass and oats

1992

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Nitrogen fixation was measured in monocropped sweet-blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius), lupin intercropped with two ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) cultivars or with oats (Avena sativa) on an Andosol soil, using the ISN isotope dilution method. At 117 days after planting and at a mean temperature below 10°C, monocropped lupin derived an average of 92% or 195 kg N ha-1 of its N from N~ fixation. Intercropping lupin with cereals increased (p < 0.05) the percentage of N derived from atmospheric N 2 (% Ndfa) to a mean of 96%. Compared to the monocropped, total N fixed per hectare in intercropped lupin declined approximately 50%, in line with the decrease in seeding rate and dry matter yield. With these high values of N 2 fixation, selection of the reference crop was not a problem; all the cereals, intercropped or grown singly produced similar estimates of N 2 fixed in lupin. It was deduced from the ~SN data that significant N transfer occurred from lupin to intercropped Italian ryegrass but not to intercropped Westerwoldian ryegrass or to oats. Doubling the ~SN fertilizer rate from 30 to 60 kg N ha ~ decreased % Ndfa to 86% (p < 0.05), but total N fixed was unaltered. These results indicate that lupin has a high potential for N 2 fixation at low temperatures, and can maintain higher rates of N 2 fixation in soils of high N than many other forage and pasture legumes.

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“…Species that have different physiological and/or morphological characters may complement better and make better use of the nutritional resources. A practical example is the atmospheric nitrogen fixation by legumes in favor of grasses; the introduction of legumes in mixed pastures increases forage yield and quality and reduces the nitrogen fertilizer requirement of the grass [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Ability in Mixtures of Prairie Grass and Clovers

Arturi¹,

Aulicino

Ansín³

et al. 2012

AJPS

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Our objective was to evaluate the combining ability among cultivars of forage species, commonly sown in temperate regions of Argentina using a short rotation system. Three genetically diverse cultivars of prairie brome grass (Bromus catharticus, cv Copetona, cv Ñandú and cv Tango), a white clover cultivar (Trifolium repens, cv Lucero) and a red clover cultivar (T. pratense, cv Tropero) were evaluated. A randomized complete block design experiment was established in 2005. The treatments included five monocultures and ten binary mixtures. The experiment was harvested 6 times over an 18-month period. Cumulative dry matter yield (kg·ha -1 ) was calculated as the sum of the six individual harvests. Diallel analysis provided estimates of the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA). Red clover in monoculture and mixtures produced the highest yields, with significant positive GCA effects (P < 0.01). Lucero white clover, and Copetona and Tango prairie grasses had significant negative GCA effects (P < 0.05). In mixtures, red clover with each of the three grass cultivars and white clover with Tango had significant and outstanding SCA effects (P < 0.01). Grass/grass mixtures and the legume/legume mixture showed non-significant SCA effects, while the grass/legume mixtures generally had higher yield than either component sown as a monoculture (P < 0.01). Given the short-term nature of this study, we must limit our inference to short-term pastures (<2 years). Under these conditions, red clover had the best combination with prairie brome grass.

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Herbage yield and nitrogen-fixation in a triple-species mixed sward of white clover, lotus and fescue

Cited by 33 publications

References 24 publications

How planting configuration influences plant secondary metabolites and total N in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.): Implications for grazing management

How planting configuration influences plant secondary metabolites and total N in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.): Implications for grazing management

Nitrogen accumulation in sole and mixed stands of sweet-blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.), ryegrass and oats

Combining Ability in Mixtures of Prairie Grass and Clovers

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