2016
DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2016.09.003
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Herbal extracts, lichens and biomolecules as natural photo-protection alternatives to synthetic UV filters. A systematic review

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Cited by 123 publications
(107 citation statements)
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“…The efficacy of the UV filters is specified by the sun protection factor (SPF), defined as the UV energy required for producing a minimal erythema dose (MED) on protected skin, divided by the UV energy required producing a MED on unprotected skin. MED is defined as the lowest time interval or dosage of UV irradiation sufficient for producing a minimal, visible erythema on unprotected skin [61]. Several plant extracts were already described as natural UV filters, suggesting their valuable contribution to the overall SPF of skin protecting cosmetics [62].…”
Section: In Vitro Sun Protection Factor (Spf) Of Cistus Extractsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The efficacy of the UV filters is specified by the sun protection factor (SPF), defined as the UV energy required for producing a minimal erythema dose (MED) on protected skin, divided by the UV energy required producing a MED on unprotected skin. MED is defined as the lowest time interval or dosage of UV irradiation sufficient for producing a minimal, visible erythema on unprotected skin [61]. Several plant extracts were already described as natural UV filters, suggesting their valuable contribution to the overall SPF of skin protecting cosmetics [62].…”
Section: In Vitro Sun Protection Factor (Spf) Of Cistus Extractsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A large potential portfolio of industrial applications of secondary plant metabolites promises breakthrough sunscreening properties, with reduced toxicity and appealing environmental sustainability. The natural UV filters are nevertheless also limited by several factors, including their low solubility with consequence difficulties in the cosmetic formulation, their fragile chemo-and photo-stability in the given cosmetic moiety, their reduced capability to penetrate the stratum corneum, and their limited bioavailability in the target skin layers [83,90]. These major drawbacks have been addressed by different formulations strategies, ranging from mere changes of vehicle viscosity to liposome or cyclodextrin complexation [90,91].…”
Section: Formulation Of Sun Protective Cosmetics Based On Secondary Pmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Many up-to-date studies support the advantages of formulation strategies searching for a synergic photo-protective effect among natural plant sources, able to exert synergic anti-photo-ageing, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities [90]. Several vegetable oils have been proposed as photo-stability enhancers [92] and skin-friendly carriers by increasing the penetration of both synthetic and natural UV filters.…”
Section: Formulation Of Sun Protective Cosmetics Based On Secondary Pmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…In the last decades, the use of natural plant materials in cosmetics has gained a strong interest, as a safe product for skin application [8]. Also, previous studies suggested that plant polyphenols applied topically had a great potential for the prevention of UV-induced skin damage [9].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%