Herbal Medicine for the Treatment of Vascular Dementia: An Overview of Scientific Evidence

Chang, Dennis Hsu-Tung; Liu, Jianxun; Bilinski, Kellie; Xu, Li; Steiner, Genevieve Z.; Seto, Sai Wang; Bensoussan, Alan

doi:10.1155/2016/7293626

Cited by 58 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), including Chinese herbal medicines (CHM) and acupuncture, with its unique theory and long history, has been used for the management of cardiovascular diseases for thousands of years in China. In recent years, there has been an increasing recognition of the health benefits of CHM, which are supported mounting evidence from pre-clinical and clinical studies ( 15 – 17 ). Traditionally, CHM is prescribed in the form of mixtures of plant, animals or minerals and often contains numerous bioactive components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Chinese Herbal Medicine as a Potential Treatment of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Seto

Chang

Kiat

et al. 2018

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an irreversible condition where the abdominal aorta is dilated leading to potentially fatal consequence of aortic rupture. Multiple mechanisms are involved in the development and progression of AAA, including chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular smooth muscle (VSMC) apoptosis, immune cell infiltration and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Currently surgical therapies, including minimally invasive endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), are the only viable interventions for AAAs. However, these treatments are not appropriate for the majority of AAAs, which measure <50 mm. Substantial effort has been invested to identify and develop pharmaceutical treatments such as statins and doxycycline for this potentially lethal condition but these interventions failed to offer a cure or to retard the progression of AAA. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been used for the management of cardiovascular diseases for thousands of years in China and other Asian countries. The unique multi-component and multi-target property of CHMs makes it a potentially ideal therapy for multifactorial diseases such as AAA. In this review, we review the current scientific evidence to support the use of CHMs for the treatment of AAA. Mechanisms of action underlying the effects of CHMs on AAA are also discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Chinese Herbal Medicine as a Potential Treatment of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Seto

Chang

Kiat

et al. 2018

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“…Also, to the best of our knowledge, studies recent to on ancient Chinese herbal medicine and molecular biology in the treatment of myocardial infarction have been undertaken [4,5]. As well as additional studies confirmed the use of herbal medicine for the treatment of vascular dementia [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Identification of macroelements and microelements in the leaves of the Synadenium grantii Hook used as medicinal plant in the Brazil

Souza¹,

Arruda²,

Silva³

et al. 2017

int arch med

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Introduction: The Synadenium grantii Hook species is a medicinal plant of the Euphorbiaceae family and is popularly known in the Midwest regions of Brazil as leitosinha or janaúba. All the parts of Synadenium grantii Hook as stem, latex, leaves and flowers are used for the treatments of various disease, but no elemental composition has been done. Objective: The aim of present work was to measure the macroelements (K, Mg, Mo and P) and microelements (Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Zn, Si, Ni, Co, Cd and Al) in the leaves of medicinal plant Synadenium grantii Hook used in the treatment of diseases by rural and urban communities of the Campo Grande, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Method: The chemical digestions of samples were prepared utilizing HNO3 and H2O2 and microwave digestion system Speedwave Berghof, Germany. After digestion, the concentrations of the elements in leaves were determined by technique of Inductively Coupled Plasma – Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES) with a Dual Plasma (Thermo Scientific – iCAP 6000 Series) Results: Results demonstrated that the Synadenium grantii leaves are source of K but aren't the best source of Na and P. Its leaves are rich in elements such as Mg, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo and Zn. The leaves of Synadenium grantii showed a high content of Mg values tolerable upper intake level. However, Fe, Na, P, Mn, Mo and Zn are below the values tolerable upper intake level. The leaves of this plants have elements as Ni, Cu, Cr, Cd above the permissible limit set by WHO and FAO. Conclusions: The gaps in knowledge about the level of contents in the Synadenium grantii was completed in this work and would serve as a tool for deciding the dosage of prepared from this plant with medicinal and nutritional purposes. Brazil should create legal standards for the use of medicinal plants based on internationally practiced requirements. Keywords: Medicinal plants, Synadenium grantii, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

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“…The SLT formula consists of specific dosages of standardised ginkgo, ginseng, and saffron extracts, designed for the management of cognitive impairments. The data from a series of preclinical and clinical studies show that SLT can affect multiple therapeutic targets associated with MCI and dementia [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SLT represents a new generation of herbal formulations for which the chemical and pharmacological profiles have been clearly defined using analytical chemistry, pharmacognosy, and pharmacology techniques. The preclinical research contributing to the development and standardisation of SLT [ 23 – 30 ], the mechanisms of action of the three herbs [ 23 , 31 – 38 ], and findings from clinical studies [ 22 , 39 – 48 ] have all been described thoroughly elsewhere and summarised in a recent review by Chang et al [ 23 ]. Table 1 details the multiple pharmacological targets that the active components in SLT address relevant to the pathophysiology of MCI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study protocol for a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled 12-week pilot phase II trial of Sailuotong (SLT) for cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment

Steiner

Bensoussan

Liu

et al. 2018

Trials

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BackgroundMild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a syndrome characterised by a decline in cognition but relatively intact activities of daily living. People with MCI have an increased risk of developing dementia, and MCI is often referred to as a transitional stage between healthy ageing and dementia. Currently, there are no pharmaceutical therapies approved by the US Federal Drug Administration for MCI. Randomised controlled trials on the two major classes of anti-dementia pharmaceuticals, cholinesterase inhibitors and glutamate receptor antagonists, have produced poor results in MCI cohorts. There is a need to test and evaluate new and promising treatments for MCI that target multiple aspects of the syndrome’s multi-faceted pathophysiology. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of 12 weeks of treatment with a standardised herbal formula, Sailuotong (SLT), compared to placebo, on cognition in older adults with MCI. Secondary aims are to assess SLT’s mechanisms of action via electroencephalography (EEG), autonomic function, brain blood flow, and inflammation, as well as its safety in this cohort.Methods/designThe target cohort for this trial is community-dwelling older adults over the age of 60 years who meet the National Institute of Aging-Alzheimer’s Association working group core clinical criteria for MCI due to Alzheimer’s disease. Eighty participants will be recruited and randomly allocated via a permuted block strategy at a 1:1 ratio to either the treatment or placebo group. The co-primary cognitive outcome measures are Logical Memory Story A delayed recall (episodic memory), Letter Number Sequencing (perceptual processing speed), and both the Trail Making Test and Rey Complex Figure Test (executive function). Secondary outcome measures are EEG activity, autonomic function (via electrocardiogram, skin conductance, and peripheral pulse pressure), brain blood flow (via common carotid artery ultrasound), and serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines. Analyses will be performed blind to group allocation.DiscussionThis study is a 12-week, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Primary and secondary outcome measures will be compared between treatment and placebo groups at baseline and endpoint. Data from this pilot study will inform a larger, more highly powered clinical trial if the findings are positive.Trial registrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), ACTRN12617000371392 Registered on 10 March 2017.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13063-018-2912-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Herbal Medicine for the Treatment of Vascular Dementia: An Overview of Scientific Evidence

Cited by 58 publications

References 87 publications

Chinese Herbal Medicine as a Potential Treatment of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Chinese Herbal Medicine as a Potential Treatment of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Identification of macroelements and microelements in the leaves of the Synadenium grantii Hook used as medicinal plant in the Brazil

Study protocol for a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled 12-week pilot phase II trial of Sailuotong (SLT) for cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment

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