Herbicide combinations for control of complex weed flora in wheat

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted in 2014 and 2015 to find out the effect of herbicides on weed dynamics and productivity of wheat under Jharkhand situation. Two hand weeding performed in wheat crop at 30 and 60 DAS recorded significantly reduced weed density and weed dry matter of broad-leaf, grassy, sedges and total weeds at 30 and 60 DAS with WCE of 94.3 and 94.2%, respectively and was similar to post-emergence application of clodinafop 0.06 kg/ha and pre-emergence application of pendimethalin + metribuzin 1.0 kg/ha + 0.175 kg/ha. This resulted in maximum total and effective tillers, grain (3.08 t/ha) and straw (5.37 t/ha) yield and net return (` 32,019.00 and B:C ratio (1.33) compared to other herbicides application.

Post-Emergence Herbicides for Effective Weed Management, Enhanced Wheat Productivity, Profitability and Quality in North-Western Himalayas: A ‘Participatory-Mode’ Technology Development and Dissemination

“…In general, WFC plots attained better growth due to the elimination of NLWs and BLWs in addition to better availability of space, moisture, nutrients and light, which in turn had superior yield attributes and consequently higher wheat yield, protein content and protein yield in WFC [36]. Similarly, Sulf + Met exhibited a relatively higher knockdown effect on NWLs and BLWs owing to the inhibition of ALS enzyme-impairing amino acid biosynthesis selectively killing the weeds and reducing crop-weed competition for space, light and nutrients, which collectively led to better growth and yield attributes (spikes m −2 , grains spike −1 ) in wheat, resulting in a higher wheat yield and protein yield over other herbicidal combinations [35,36]. Thus, the low weed infestation in Sulf + Met and WFC helped in accumulating more biomass in wheat plants owing to better nutrient and water acquisition and optimum photosynthesis as a result of low crop-weed competition for light and space, which resulted in better yield expression in wheat [31,35,39,40].…”

“…The weed eradication in WFC plots enumerated significantly higher WCI and WCI in this treatment [22], while the excellent weed knockdown ability of Sulf + Met both against complex weed flora including Isoproturon-and Clodinafop-resistant NLWs could be assigned as the reason for superior weed indices, namely, WCE, WCI and WI as well as higher HEI by the application of Sulf + Met over other herbicidal treatments [31].The combined application of Sulf + Met exhibits both foliar and soil activity against weeds that inhibits cell division in shoots and roots by inhibiting the ALS enzyme and thereby blocks amino acid biosynthesis; hence, the weed plants suffer selectively [31,34]. This mechanism impairs the phloem transport in the weed plants with stunted growth on account of the cessation of cell division and slow plant death, thus providing excellent control of both dicot and monocot weeds by reducing their densities and TWDM [34,35].…”

“…Similarly, Sulf + Met exhibited a relatively higher knockdown effect on NWLs and BLWs owing to the inhibition of ALS enzyme-impairing amino acid biosynthesis selectively killing the weeds and reducing crop-weed competition for space, light and nutrients, which collectively led to better growth and yield attributes (spikes m −2 , grains spike −1 ) in wheat, resulting in a higher wheat yield and protein yield over other herbicidal combinations [35,36]. Thus, the low weed infestation in Sulf + Met and WFC helped in accumulating more biomass in wheat plants owing to better nutrient and water acquisition and optimum photosynthesis as a result of low crop-weed competition for light and space, which resulted in better yield expression in wheat [31,35,39,40]. The solitary use of a single herbicide resulted in lesser grain and straw yield in wheat due to poor weed control and higher crop-weed competition [36][37][38]41].…”

“…TWP, IWP and EWP in the current study. The effective control of complex weed flora under Sulf + Met and WFC exhibited better yield expression and resultant economic performance, which led to improved PE, ME and water productivity in these treatments over the rest of the herbicidal treatments [31,35]. Note: 1.…”

A study of wheat-weed response and economical analysis to fertilization and post-emergence herbicides under arid climatic conditions

“…This might be due to the mixed application of herbicides, showing both foliar and soil activities against weeds that interrupt cell division by inhibiting the ALS enzyme and as a result, blocking amino acid biosynthesis; hence, the weed plants undergo selectively (Chand and Puniya, 2017;Meena et al, 2019). This mechanism diminishes the phloem transport in the weed plants with dwarf growth consequently the cell division ceases and leads to the gradual death of the plant, and thus better control of both dicot and monocot weeds by minimizing their densities and total weed dry matter (Chand and Puniya, 2017;Barla et al, 2017). Another reason might also be due to the only use of a single herbicide being limited efficacious in controlling weeds as compared to their pre-mix utilization.…”