Herbicide Potential of Selected Essential Oils From Plants of Lamiaceae and Asteraceae Families

Abstract

Essential oils from Monarda fistulosa L., Satureja pilosa Vel., Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum Ietswaart. (Greek oregano), Micromeria dalmatica Benth., Thymus longedentatus (Degen & Urum.) Ronniger, and Artemisa campestris L. were evaluated as inhibitors of seed germination in target plants Lolium perenne L. and Trifolium pratense L. using in vitro assays. The essential oils were applied on the seeds as aqueous solutions at concentrations ranging from 0.5–3.0 µL/mL. Complete inhibition was established at a concentration of 1.5 µL/mL with the most effective essential oils. Oregano oil was evaluated for its inhibitory activity on seed germination under field conditions; the essential oil was applied as an aqueous solution at concentrations of 3, 5, and 10 µL/mL on superabsorbent Terawet. The mass obtained was mixed with the seeds of the target plants and planted in a field. After 1 month, the results were evaluated based on the weight of the aerial parts of the plants from control and experimental areas. At the highest concentration studied, the weight of the plants was 77% lower in the experimental areas than in the controls. The chemical composition of the essential oils was analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The results showed that carvacrol-rich essential oils had a strong inhibitory effect on seed germination. The inclusion of the essential oil on a superabsorbent was a good way to preserve its herbicidal activity under field conditions as this prevented its rapid evaporation.

Effect of natural fertilization on the yield, biological value, and qualitative and quantitative composition of essential oil in common basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L.)

“…ey contain all the macro and micronutrients indispensable for plants and exert a positive effect on the growth of soil microorganisms, soil structure, and soil water availability (Hirzel et al, 2018). A disadvantage of organic fertilizers is their slow decomposition rate, which results in slower release of nutrients into the rhizosphere (Nikolova et al, 2021;Scagel & Lee, 2012). e results presented in Table 1 indicate a significant effect of the applied dose of the manure, regardless of its type, on common basil yields.…”

Phytotoxic Effects of Three Origanum Species Extracts and Essential Oil on Seed Germinations and Seedling Growths of Four Weed Species

“…It was observed that the weight of the plants decreased by 77% as a result of the observations made 1 month after the essential oil was applied as an aqueous solution at 3, 5 and 10 µL/mL concentrations on the super absorbent Teravet, mixed with the seeds of the target plants and planted in the field. They concluded that teravet (super-absorbent) application of essential oil is a good way of herbicidal effect in field conditions [114].…”

Evaluation of Helichrysum arenarium flower exudate as an inhibitor on Lolium perrene seed germination under laboratory conditions

“…e initial step in this regard is establishing the inhibitory activity of these products on the germination of the seeds. Numerous studies have documented that essential oil from aromatic plants are potent inhibitors of seed germination and radicle elongation and have the potential as products for weed control (Jouini et al, 2020;Nikolova & Berkov, 2018;Nikolova et al, 2021;Raveau et al, 2020;Verdeguer et al, 2020;Werrie et al, 2020). Oen the yield of essential oil of some plant species is meager, and their application as bioherbicides is insufficient.…”