Herbicide Resistance in North America: History, Circumstances of Development and Current Situation

Shaner, Dale L.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-5538-0_3

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For example, all cases of herbicide resistance in Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Oregon and Washington accounted for 65% of the reported cases of herbicide resistance in 1987 in the U.S.A. (Heap, 2000). Herbicide resistance in these five states occurred in dryland, monoculture wheat production systems (wheat-wheat or wheat-fallow) where the same herbicide was applied repeatedly over several growing seasons (Shaner, 1997). In Europe, shorter cropping rotations (including continuous winter wheat) and earlier plantings have resulted in farmers becoming dependent on selective herbicides for weed control.…”

Section: Herbicide Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous cropping systems and weed selection

Murphy

Lemerle

2006

Euphytica

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Changes in the weed flora of agro-ecosystems can occur as long-term changes or temporary fluctuations in species composition. The rate at which weed population shifts occur depends on the selection pressure imposed, genetic variability among weed populations, plant characteristics and environmental factors. Agronomic practices associated with cropping systems including crop rotation, tillage, herbicide use, soil amendments, and mechanization of harvesting that impart a range of selection pressures on weed populations are discussed in this review. Widespread use of herbicides has had the greatest impact on weed selection in recent years. Evolution of herbicide resistant weeds presents an enormous challenge to farmers. Development of herbicide tolerant crops has provided another tool for farmers however the selection pressure on weeds and potential impact on weed population shifts will require judicious use of this technology. Simulation models provide an excellent opportunity to predict future weed population shifts in response to management practices. Further insight into future management changes on weed selection must proceed towards an investigation of the processes rather than the outcomes. In particular, this must involve an understanding of the ecological factors and processes that are likely to determine the weed responses to particular management regimes.

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Section: Herbicide Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous cropping systems and weed selection

Murphy

Lemerle

2006

Euphytica

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“…The selection for tolerance was attributed to repeated use of propanil as a herbicide in rice crops over many years (Fischer et al ., 1993). Resistance to propanil has been studied in one biotype of Echinochloa crus‐galli found in Arkansas (Shaner, 1997), and two biotypes of Echinochloa colonum detected in Colombia and Costa Rica (Rubin, 1997) [elevated activity of the aryl acylamidase has been detected in resistant biotypes (Leah et al ., 1994)].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propanil activity, uptake and metabolism in resistant Echinochloa spp. biotypes

López-Martínez

Gonzalez-Gutierrez

2001

Weed Research

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Field resistance of Echinochloa spp. to propanil has been previously reported in Costa Rica, Colombia and Arkansas (USA). In this study, the mechanism of resistance was investigated in three resistant (R) and three susceptible (S) biotypes. The shoot fresh weight reduction in pot‐grown plants from a post‐emergence spray of propanil at 2.44 kg a.i. ha−1 on biotypes R/S from Costa Rica, Colombia and Arkansas was 35/98%, 25/79% and 20/82% respectively. In vitro chlorophyll fluorescence data from leaf tissue incubated in propanil showed that photosynthesis was inhibited in all biotypes, indicating that the propanil‐binding site and enzyme were not altered. After transfer to herbicide‐free solution, photosynthesis recovered only in resistant biotypes, indicating that the mechanism of resistance was caused by enhanced metabolism of the herbicide. Simultaneous treatment with fenitrothion, an aryl acylamidase inhibitor, prevented the recovery of photosynthesis in leaf tissue in two resistant biotypes. In contrast, the cytochrome P450 mono‐oxygenase inhibitor, 1‐aminobenzotriazole, did not prevent recovery from propanil in leaf tissue. Application of 14C‐propanil to the second leaf of intact Echinochloa plants showed that c. 90% of the radioactivity remained in the treated leaf for up to 72 h after application. No major differences in translocation between R and S biotype plants were found. TLC analysis of tissue extracts from the treated leaves showed substantially less radioactivity associated with propanil, present after 72 h in rice or in the three R biotypes, compared with S biotypes.

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“…Herbicide resistance in weed species is now widespread over large areas of the cropping zones of Europe ( De Prado et al. , 1997 ), North America ( Shaner, 1997), Australia and elsewhere in the world ( Rubin, 1997). Whereas, in 1982, in the first compilation of herbicide resistance, only 30 resistant species were reported ( Bandeen et al ., 1982 ), there were 100 resistant reported species by 1990 ( LeBaron, 1991) and more than 210 by 1999 ( Heap, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pollen test to detect ACCase target‐site resistance within Alopecurus myosuroides populations

Letouzé

Gasquez

2000

Weed Research

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This study was conducted to determine a suitable medium for in vitro germination of Alopecurus myosuroides pollen and to develop a reliable test for the rapid screening of ACCase target site‐resistant plants within populations. The assay is based upon germination of pollen in a medium supplemented with ACCase inhibitors. A 0.25% agar medium, containing 200 mg L–1 CaNO3, 100 mg L–1 H3BO3, 200 g L–1 sucrose, was selected as a suitable medium for in vitro pollen germination. At 25 °C, this medium supported a mean germination rate of 85% within two hours. Plants highly resistant (Rh) to aryloxyphenoxypropionate (APP), owing to the expression of an insensitive ACCase, were found to express this resistance in their pollen. In contrast, plants moderately resistant (Rm) to APP herbicides, owing to an enhanced capacity to detoxify herbicides, did not exhibit this resistance in their pollen. Concentrations of 120 μM fenoxaprop and 1000 μM clodinafop were selected as the best for reliable discrimination of the target‐site‐resistant biotypes. At these concentrations there was more than 50% germination of the Rh pollen grains whereas less than 10% of the S and Rm pollen grains germinated. This test, using haploid material, may also permit distinction between homozygous‐ and heterozygous‐resistant individuals.

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Herbicide Resistance in North America: History, Circumstances of Development and Current Situation

Abstract: The history of the selection of herbicide resistant populations in North America dates back to 1962 with the report of a Daucus carota population that was resistant to 2,4-

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Continuous cropping systems and weed selection

Continuous cropping systems and weed selection

Propanil activity, uptake and metabolism in resistant Echinochloa spp. biotypes

A pollen test to detect ACCase target‐site resistance within Alopecurus myosuroides populations

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