Herbivory and leaf expansion of Cyathea phalerata Mart. (Cyatheaceae) in subtropical Atlantic Forest, southern Brazil

Cunha, Simone; Júnior, Delio Endres; Silva, Vinícius Leão da; Droste, Annette; Schmitt, Jairo Lizandro

doi:10.1590/1519-6984.245386

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…1 '15.88''S and 50°21'34.52''W, alt. 375 m), installed at 7.5 km (in a straight line) away from the area where C. phalerata occur, the monthly temperature varies between 15 ºC and 25 ºC and the annual accumulated precipitation is 3,273 mm (Cunha et al 2023). Based on the Köppen classification, the climate in both areas of spore donor populations occurrence is Cfa type, temperate subtropical climate, with temperatures above 22 °C during the summer (Alvares et al 2013).…”

Section: Collection and Processing Of Sporesmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro spore germination and gametophyte development of two Cyathea species of South America in response to nutrient media

Marcon,

Lemos,

Stein

et al. 2023

Rodriguésia

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Cyathea corcovadensis and Cyathea phalerata are tree ferns native to Brazil, endangered in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Spore germination and gametophyte development in media with different nutrient formulations and activated charcoal were evaluated, aiming to develop a process for obtaining plants of the two species. Spores were sown in four semi-solid culture media: Meyer, Dyer, MS with 50% and MS with 25% of the original macronutrient concentration. For each medium, 10 replicates were carried out (flasks with 5 mg of spores/30 mL of medium), with and without 1% activated charcoal, respectively. Spore germination and gametophytic development (laminar and cordate stages) were quantified at 30, 60 and 90 days of culture. Cyathea corcovadensis and C. phalerata germinated and developed gametophytes in all media. For both species, the highest percentages of germination and cordate gametophytes (more advanced development stage) were recorded in Meyer medium without activated charcoal, which has higher concentrations of macronutrients and no micronutrients compared to the other evaluated media. We recommend cultivating the plants in Meyer medium for greater gametophytic development and subsequent sporophyte obtention, as a biotechnological tool for C. corcovadensis and C. phalerata conservation and for environmental restoration and enrichment using these tree ferns.

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Section: Collection and Processing Of Sporesmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro spore germination and gametophyte development of two Cyathea species of South America in response to nutrient media

Marcon,

Lemos,

Stein

et al. 2023

Rodriguésia

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“…Activation of mAChRs can lead to depolarization or hyperpolarization depending on the associated G proteins. mAChRs have been shown to regulate synaptic plasticity and circuit activity throughout the brain (Fernández de Sevilla et al, 2020). Despite their ''slow'' kinetics (compared to nAChRs), mAChRs may also contribute significantly to temporal processing, even in temporally demanding auditory cell types (Kuenzel, 2019).…”

Section: Effects Of Ach In the Socmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Sources of Cholinergic Input to the Superior Olivary Complex

Beebe

Zhang

Burger

et al. 2021

Front. Neural Circuits

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The superior olivary complex (SOC) is a major computation center in the brainstem auditory system. Despite previous reports of high expression levels of cholinergic receptors in the SOC, few studies have addressed the functional role of acetylcholine in the region. The source of the cholinergic innervation is unknown for all but one of the nuclei of the SOC, limiting our understanding of cholinergic modulation. The medial nucleus of the trapezoid body, a key inhibitory link in monaural and binaural circuits, receives cholinergic input from other SOC nuclei and also from the pontomesencephalic tegmentum. Here, we investigate whether these same regions are sources of cholinergic input to other SOC nuclei. We also investigate whether individual cholinergic cells can send collateral projections bilaterally (i.e., into both SOCs), as has been shown at other levels of the subcortical auditory system. We injected retrograde tract tracers into the SOC in gerbils, then identified retrogradely-labeled cells that were also immunolabeled for choline acetyltransferase, a marker for cholinergic cells. We found that both the SOC and the pontomesencephalic tegmentum (PMT) send cholinergic projections into the SOC, and these projections appear to innervate all major SOC nuclei. We also observed a small cholinergic projection into the SOC from the lateral paragigantocellular nucleus of the reticular formation. These various sources likely serve different functions; e.g., the PMT has been associated with things such as arousal and sensory gating whereas the SOC may provide feedback more closely tuned to specific auditory stimuli. Further, individual cholinergic neurons in each of these regions can send branching projections into both SOCs. Such projections present an opportunity for cholinergic modulation to be coordinated across the auditory brainstem.

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Herbivory and leaf expansion of Cyathea phalerata Mart. (Cyatheaceae) in subtropical Atlantic Forest, southern Brazil

Cited by 2 publications

References 48 publications

In vitro spore germination and gametophyte development of two Cyathea species of South America in response to nutrient media

In vitro spore germination and gametophyte development of two Cyathea species of South America in response to nutrient media

Multiple Sources of Cholinergic Input to the Superior Olivary Complex

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