The current research explores how shelf display organization and limited product quantity together influence consumer purchase. The authors find that, in certain cases, shelves that are disorganized and not fully stocked tend to reduce sales, but in other cases, disorganized shelves that are not fully stocked tend to increase sales. In particular, for products that are ingested (e.g., juice), purchase likelihood is reduced when the product appears to be disorganized and product quantity is limited. However, for products that are not ingested (e.g., fabric softener), purchase likelihood increases when the product appears to be disorganized and product quantity is limited. Importantly, the authors also show that brand familiarity moderates these effects.Keywords: shelf displays, consumer decision making, product assortment, scarcity, contamination Iana A. Castro is Assistant Professor of Marketing, College of Business Administration, San Diego State University (e-mail: iana.castro@mail. sdsu. edu). Andrea C. Morales is Associate Professor of Marketing, W.P. Carey School of Business, Arizona State University (e-mail: acmorales@ asu.edu). Stephen M. Nowlis is August A. Busch Jr. Distinguished Professor of Marketing, Olin Business School, Washington University (e-mail: nowlis@ wustl.edu). The authors thank the three reviewers as well as Naomi Mandel and James Ward for their insightful comments, which helped improve the article. The article is based on the first author's dissertation. Alexander Chernev served as area editor for this article.
Despite retailers' best intentions, consumers often shop in stores in which the products on the shelves appear to be messy and are not fully stocked. For example, a consumer shopping for eggs might notice that, instead of being arranged in neat stacks all facing the same way on the refrigerated shelf, the egg cartons seem to be in complete disarray and have not been restocked. Although most retailers likely want their shelf displays to be as orderly and fully stocked as possible, consumers often encounter disorganized and only partially stocked shelves in the actual marketplace. This can happen because consumers often handle the products and do not put them back neatly and because store employees often do not have enough time to organize and restock the shelves continually. In this article, we examine the effect of disorganized shelf displays and limited product quantity on consumer purchase.We propose that disorganized shelves that are not fully stocked will sometimes result in lower purchase likelihood and other times will result in greater purchase likelihood. In particular, a consumer who sees a messy product display may believe that this is the case because other consumers have handled the product, thereby causing the display to become disorganized and out of place. This may lead the consumer, under certain conditions, to believe that after other shoppers have handled a product, it is contaminated; thus, he or she is less likely to purchase it. However, at other times, the co...